Table 5 Changes in glycemic markers and lipid profiles from day 0 to day 60 in elderly T2DM subjects

From: Evaluation of white sweet potato tube-feeding formula in elderly diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial

	Non-WSP-EN			WSP-EN
	Day 0	Day 60	Changes	Day 0	Day 60	Changes
FBG (mg/dL)	108.19 ± 28.05	139.13 ± 51.07 *	30.94 ± 38.50	119.08 ± 61.23	122.63 ± 57.94	3.54 ± 59.49
HbA1c (%)	5.84 ± 0.59	6.05 ± 0.97	0.21 ± 0.60	6.73 ± 1.47	6.40 ± 1.16 *	−0.33 ± 0.75 ^#
Insulin (μU/mL)	7.88 ± 6.78	10.98 ± 6.33	3.11 ± 7.06	8.72 ± 6.63	18.47 ± 13.83	9.75 ± 3.14
HOMA-IR	2.26 ± 2.77	3.41 ± 2.39	1.15 ± 2.82	2.92 ± 3.54	6.94 ± 4.62	4.01 ± 4.49
TC (mg/dL)	148.94 ± 25.42	158.38 ± 33.15	9.44 ± 26.65	159.29 ± 25.69	163.67 ± 26.96	4.38 ± 17.32
TG (mg/dL)	157.63 ± 82.40	161.44 ± 79.30	3.81 ± 57.85	127.21 ± 54.99	140.04 ± 72.52	12.83 ± 41.88
HDL-C (mg/dL)	38.19 ± 12.39	37.88 ± 8.15	− 0.31 ± 6.80	42.13 ± 10.56	44.25 ± 8.43 *	2.13 ± 4.93
LDL-C (mg/dL)	91.63 ± 18.11	99.69 ± 25.82	8.06 ± 20.97	100.96 ± 23.37	106.71 ± 23.14	5.75 ± 14.89
TC/ HDL-C	4.18 ± 1.12	4.39 ± 1.38	0.21 ± 0.71	3.99 ± 1.09	3.82 ± 0.84	−0.17 ± 0.61
LDL-C/HDL-C	2.62 ± 0.85	2.80 ± 1.07	0.17 ± 0.64	2.56 ± 0.91	2.49 ± 0.66	−0.07 ± 0.52

Data are presented as means ± standard deviations.
* Significant within-group difference after intervention (paired t test analysis; p < 0.05).
# Significant between-groups difference after intervention (independent t test; p < 0.05).
FBG Fasting blood glucose; HbA1c glycated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment–insulin resistance. TC Total cholesterol; TG triglyceride; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
*p < 0.05 pre- vs. post-treatment, paired t test.
^#p < 0.05 between non-WSP-EN vs. WSP-EN group, independent-sample t test

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