Insoluble dietary fibre intake is associated with lower prevalence of newly-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese men: a large population-based cross-sectional study

Table 2 Associations between total dietary fibre intake and NAFLD by sex ^a

	Categories of dietary fibre intake				P for trend ^b
All participants (n = 23,529)	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Level 4
No. of participants	5883	5882	5881	5883
No. of participants with NAFLD	1141	1087	1096	1102
Crude model	Ref	0.94 (0.86, 1.03) ^b	0.95 (0.87, 1.04)	0.96 (0.87, 1.05)	0.42
Adjusted model 1 ^d	Ref	0.97 (0.87, 1.09)	0.89 (0.79, 1.00)	0.91 (0.81, 1.02)	0.04
Adjusted model 2 ^e	Ref	0.94 (0.82, 1.07)	0.82 (0.70, 0.95)	0.81 (0.67, 0.97)	< 0.01
Men (n = 10,998)	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Level 4
Intake of dietary fibre (range, g/d)	0.839, 17.417	17.420, 24.134	24.135, 33.692	33.697, 173.414
No. of participants	2750	2749	2749	2750
No. of participants with NAFLD	828	779	770	783
Crude model	Ref	0.92 (0.82, 1.03)	0.90 (0.80, 1.02)	0.92 (0.82, 1.04)	0.24
Adjusted model 1 ^d	Ref	0.96 (0.84, 1.01)	0.83 (0.72, 0.96)	0.86 (0.75, 0.99)	0.01
Adjusted model 2 ^e	Ref	0.93 (0.79, 1.01)	0.78 (0.65, 0.94)	0.78 (0.62, 0.99)	0.01
Women (n = 12,531)	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Level 4
Intake of dietary fibre (range, g/d)	0.400, 16.161	16.164, 22.284	22.287, 30.760	30.764, 193.433
No. of participants	3133	3133	3132	3133
No. of participants with NAFLD	313	308	326	319
Crude model	Ref	0.98 (0.83, 1.16)	1.05 (0.89, 1.23)	1.02 (0.87, 1.20)	0.65
Adjusted model 1 ^d	Ref	0.95 (0.77, 1.16)	0.95 (0.77, 1.16)	0.96 (0.79, 1.17)	0.76
Adjusted model 2 ^e	Ref	0.94 (0.74, 1.19)	0.88 (0.68, 1.15)	0.85 (0.62, 1.17)	0.32

^a NAFLD Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, CVD Cardiovascular disease, BMI Body mass index, DHA Docosahexaenoic acid, EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid
^b Multiple logistic regression analysis
^c Odds ratios (95% confidence interval) (all such values)
^d Adjusted for age, sex (only for all participants), and BMI
^e Adjusted for age, sex (only for all participants), BMI, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, physical activity, educational level, household income, smoking status, drinking status, employment status, energy intake (kcal/d), total carbohydrate intake (g/d), total fat intake (g/d), sweet foods intake (g/d), red meat intake (g/d), white meat intake (g/d), DHA + EPA intake (g/d), and family history of CVD, hypertension, and diabetes

ISSN: 1743-7075