The influence of progressive-chronic and acute sodium bicarbonate supplementation on anaerobic power and specific performance in team sports: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study

Table 6 Blood acid-base balance markers – chronic supplementation strategy

		SB_-PRE	SB_-POST	p-Value T¹ or Z² d¹ or r_c²	PLA_-PRE	PLA_-POST	p-Value T¹ or Z² d¹ or r_c²	SB_-POST vs. PLA_-POST p-Value T³ or U⁴ d³ or r_g⁴
pH	EXERCISE_{_PRE}	7.41 ± 0.02	7.43 ± 0.02	0.101¹	7.42 ± 0.02	7.43 ± 0.03	0.183¹	0.768³
				−1.792¹			−1.421¹	0.298³
				−0.652¹			− 0.432¹	0.122³
	EXERCISE_{_POST}	7.18 ± 0.05	7.20 ± 0.05	0.368¹	7.18 ± 0.05	7.18 ± 0.04	0.921¹	0.314³
				−0.939¹			−0.102¹	1.031³
				−0.390¹			−0.032¹	0.421³
HCO₃¯ (mmol/L)	EXERCISE_{_PRE}	26.1 ± 0.8	27.2 ± 2.1	0.068¹	26.3 ± 1.2	26.5 ± 1.6	0.906²	0.166⁴
				−2.021¹			0.118²	47.500⁴
				−0.719¹			0.034²	0.340⁴
	EXERCISE_{_POST}	13.1 ± 1.6	13.6 ± 1.5	0.502¹	13.4 ± 1.6	13.2 ± 1.3	0.670¹	0.490³
				−0.695¹			0.438¹	0.703³
				−0.306¹			0.162¹	0.287³
La (mmol/L)	EXERCISE_{_PRE}	1.6 ± 0.5	1.4 ± 0.7	0.147²	1.4 ± 0.4	1.4 ± 0.7	0.666²	0.885⁴
				1.451²			0.431²	69.000⁴
				0.815²			0.125²	0.042⁴
	EXERCISE_{_POST}	17.7 ± 2.5	17.5 ± 2.8	0.799²	17.0 ± 2.5	17.0 ± 1.8	0.986¹	0.707⁴
				0.255²			−0.018¹	65.000⁴
				0.074²			− 0.008¹	−0.097⁴
BE (mmol/L)	EXERCISE_{_PRE}	2.2 ± 1.0	3.6 ± 2.6	0.073¹	2.4 ± 1.5	2.6 ± 2.0	1.000²	0.166⁴
				−1.981¹			0.000²	47.500⁴
				−0.683¹			0.000²	0.340⁴
	EXERCISE_{_POST}	−16.9 ± 2.7	−16.0 ± 2.6	0.453¹	−16.2 ± 3.0	−16.7 ± 2.5	0.658¹	0.495³
				−0.778¹			0.455¹	0.694³
				−0.341¹			0.158¹	0.283³

¹Data analyzed by t-test for dependent variables; effect size expressed as Cohen’s d. ²Data analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test; effect size expressed as rank correlation coefficient (r_c). ³Data analyzed by t-test for independent variables; effect size expressed as Cohen’s d. ⁴Data analyzed by Mann−Whitney U test; effect size expressed as Glass’s rank-biserial correlation coefficient (r_g). Abbreviations: BE – base excess, EXERCISE_{_PRE} – value before exercise tests, EXERCISE_{_POST} – value 3-min after the second Wingate anaerobic test, HCO₃¯– bicarbonate, La – blood lactate, PLA_-PRE – before placebo treatment, PLA_-POST – after placebo treatment, SB_-PRE – before sodium bicarbonate supplementation, SB_-POST – after sodium bicarbonate supplementation

ISSN: 1743-7075