Effects of weight loss during a very low carbohydrate diet on specific adipose tissue depots and insulin sensitivity in older adults with obesity: a randomized clinical trial

Table 3 Baseline and 8-week metabolic outcomes by diet group

	LFD		VLCD		P for diet	P for diet adjusted for change in total fat
	Week 0	Week 8	Week 0	Week 8
Fasting glucose (mg/dl)	103.4 ± 9.6	101.6 ± 10.6	106.0 ± 13.3	103.4 ± 9.8	0.98	0.65
Fasting insulin (μU/ml)	15.6 ± 6.5	16.0 ± 8.2	13.7 ± 5.6	9.4 ± 4.0*	0.02	0.39
HOMA-IR	4.0 ± 1.6	4.1 ± 2.0	3.4 ± 1.4	2.4 ± 01.1**	0.02	0.42
SI _Clamp (10⁻⁴.kg⁻¹.min⁻¹/(μU/ml)	1.8 ± 1.0	2.1 ± 1.4	1.7 ± 0.6	2.8 ± 1.7**	0.19	0.26
CRP (mg/l)	3.7 ± 3.7	5.3 ± 5.3	3.2 ± 2.3	5.3 ± 4.9	0.73	0.98
TNF-α (pg/ml)	1.8 ± 0.9	2.0 ± 1.2	1.5 ± 1.0	1.6 ± 0.9	0.71	0.50
IL-6 (pg/ml)	1.6 ± 0.9	1.9 ± 1.1	2.2 ± 1.1	2.1 ± 1.1	0.21	0.13
Cholesterol (mg/dl)	185.5 ± 36.9	183.7 ± 43.0	186.6 ± 40.0	176.0 ± 41.2^†	0.36	0.83
LDL (mg/dl)	101.9 ± 26.2	103.8 ± 27.4	108.6 ± 34.0	98.4 ± 37.9^†	0.20	0.94
HDL (mg/dl)	56.0 ± 19.8	56.5 ± 19.4	53.9 ± 10.5	61.2 ± 10.4**	0.04	0.48
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	138.1 ± 47.3	117.2 ± 36.6*	121.1 ± 47.9	81.8 ± 22.9**	< 0.01	0.18

Data presented as mean ± SD
^†p < 0.07, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, for paired t-test; P for effect of diet, results from ANCOVA (8-week outcome adjusted for baseline); P for the effect of diet, results from ANCOVA (8-week outcome adjusted for baseline and change in fat mass)

ISSN: 1743-7075