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Table 1 Basic characteristics of the overall population by the severity of OSA

From: Influence of multiple apolipoprotein A-I and B genetic variations on insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in obstructive sleep apnea

Variable

Non-OSA (n = 596)

Moderate OSA (n = 831)

Severe OSA (n = 2580)

P value

Demographics

Age (years)

34 (29–43)

43 (35–53)

41 (34–51)

< 0.001

Male (%)

596 (100%)

675 (81.2%)

2332 (90.4%)

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

24.2 (22.3–26.0)

26.0 (24.07–28.0)

27.7 (25.8–30.1)

< 0.001

NC (cm)

38 (36–40)

39 (37–41)

41 (39–43)

< 0.001

WC (cm)

89 (83–94)

94 (89–99)

99 (94–105)

< 0.001

HC (cm)

98 (94–101)

100 (96–104)

103 (99–108)

< 0.001

WHR

0.91 (0.87–0.95)

0.94 (0.91–0.98)

0.96 (0.93–1.0)

< 0.001

Biochemistry assays

Glucose (mmol/L)

5.07 (4.71–5.36)

5.23 (4.9–5.69)

5.39 (5.05–5.95)

< 0.001

Insulin (uU/mL)

7.56 (5.2–11.34)

10.24 (7.04–14.48)

12.88 (8.92–18.96)

< 0.001

HOMA-IR

1.72 (1.11–2.55)

2.41 (1.56–3.48)

3.15 (2.08–4.84)

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

120 (112–128)

124 (115–134)

127 (120–138)

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

78 (71–82)

80 (71–87)

81 (76–90)

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.37 (3.84–4.96)

4.73 (4.17–5.40)

4.84 (4.28–5.44)

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.24 (0.84–1.84)

1.61 (1.14–2.29)

1.77 (1.26–2.61)

< 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.03 (0.92–1.12)

1.02 (0.9–1.12)

1 (0.88–1.14)

< 0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.68 (2.25–3.18)

3 (2.51–3.51)

3.04 (2.53–3.55)

< 0.001

ApoA-I (g/L)

1.02 (0.92–1.15)

1.03 (0.92–1.17)

1.04 (0.93–1.16)

0.379

ApoB (g/L)

0.77 (0.65–0.89)

0.84 (0.73–0.98)

0.88 (0.76–1.0)

< 0.001

ApoB/ApoA-I

0.74 (0.61–0.89)

0.81 (0.67–0.97)

0.84 (0.71–0.98)

< 0.001

Sleep apnea

AHI

2 (0.8–3.4)

21.8 (18.3–25.7)

58.2 (45.1–70.5)

< 0.001

Minimum SaO2

92 (89–95)

83 (77–87)

71 (62–79)

< 0.001

ODI

2.1 (0.9–3.8)

22.2 (17.3–28.0)

57.9 (44–72.2)

< 0.001

MAI

14.4 (10.3–22.5)

22.2 (14.2–31.6)

36.7 (21.6–56.4)

< 0.001

Medical history

ESS

7 (3–10)

7 (4–11)

11 (7–15)

< 0.001

Non-smoker, N (%)

372 (62.4%)

488 (58.7%)

1300 (50.4%)

< 0.001

Non-drinker, N (%)

284 (47.7%)

405 (48.7%)

1131 (43.8%)

0.024

IR (%)

160 (26.8%)

389 (46.8%)

1636 (63.4%)

< 0.001

Met S (%)

162 (27.2%)

417 (50.2%)

1660 (64.3%)

< 0.001

  1. The data are presented as means and standard deviation; skewed data are presented as the median (IQR), and categorical data as the number (percentage)
  2. GRS genetic risk score, BMI body mass index, NC neck circumference, WC waist circumference, HC hip circumference, WHR waist/hip ratio, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein; cholesterol; ApoA-I apolipoprotein A-I, ApoB apolipoprotein B, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale, AHI apnoea–hypopnea index, SaO2 oxygen saturation, ODI oxygen desaturation index, MAI micro-arousal index