| |
Cluster 1 (n = 627)
|
Cluster 2 (n = 374)
|
Cluster 3 (n = 357)
|
Cluster 4 (n = 671)
|
\(\upchi ^{2} /{\text{F}}\)
|
P
|
\(\upvarphi /\upeta\)
|
|---|
|
Advanced age (n (%))
|
79 (12.6)
|
40 (10.7)
|
50 (14.0)
|
58 (8.6)
|
8.573
|
0.036
|
0.065
|
|
Male (n (%))
|
330 (52.6)
|
58 (15.5)
|
62 (17.4)
|
178 (26.5)
|
216.606
|
< 0.001
|
0.327
|
|
Current smoker (n (%))
|
123 (20.1)
|
25 (6.9)
|
17 (4.9)
|
84 (12.9)
|
60.632
|
< 0.001
|
0.175
|
|
Regular alcohol drinkers (n (%))
|
25 (4.0)
|
7 (1.9)
|
9 (2.5)
|
25 (3.7)
|
4.426
|
0.219
|
0.047
|
|
Regular exercise (n (%))
|
93 (14.8)
|
88 (23.5)
|
84 (23.5)
|
121 (18.0)
|
17.211
|
0.001
|
0.092
|
|
Diabetic family history (n (%))
|
107 (17.1)
|
59 (15.9)
|
60 (16.9)
|
109 (16.4)
|
0.327
|
0.955
|
0.013
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
23.3 ± 2.90
|
23.3 ± 3.0
|
23.0 ± 3.1
|
23.5 ± 3.2
|
1.452
|
0.226
|
0.046
|
|
Waist circumference (cm)
|
81.7 ± 8.8bc
|
80.0 ± 8.8ad
|
79.2 ± 8.9ad
|
81.3 ± 9.5bc
|
7.797
|
< 0.001
|
0.107
|
|
FPG (mmol/L)
|
5.54 ± 0.96b
|
5.37 ± 0.61a
|
5.49 ± 0.90
|
5.43 ± 0.86
|
3.610
|
0.013
|
0.073
|
|
2-hPG (mmol/L)
|
7.85 ± 2.77bc
|
7.27 ± 1.89a
|
7.44 ± 2.06a
|
7.60 ± 2.33
|
5.269
|
0.001
|
0.088
|
|
AUCG
|
6.69 ± 1.72bd
|
6.32 ± 1.10a
|
6.47 ± 1.30
|
6.51 ± 1.44a
|
5.512
|
0.001
|
0.090
|
- Categorical variables are expressed as absolute values (relative frequencies) and were compared using the chi-squared test. Continuous variables are expressed as the mean ± SD and were compared using ANOVA and SNK. Advanced age was defined as an age ≥ 65 years; regular exercise was defined as ≥ 7.5 MET-h/w of moderate to vigorous activities
- BMI body mass index, FPG fasting plasma glucose, 2-hPG 2-hour plasma glucose, AUCG area under the curve of glucose
- aCompared to Cluster 1, P < 0.05
- bCompared to Cluster 2, P < 0.05
- cCompared to Cluster 3, P < 0.05
- dCompared to Cluster 4, P < 0.05
