Table 3 Weighted prevalence of abnormal metabolic outcome by breakfast consumption

Total participants (n = 27,627,602)

37.3 (0.4)/ 40.7 (0.3)

25.6 (0.3)/ 25.8 (0.3)

16.8 (0.2)/ 15.9 (0.2)

11.0 (0.2)/ 10.1 (0.2)

6.9 (0.1)/ 5.3 (0.1)

2.3 (0.1)/ 2.1 (0.1)

<.0001

Men (n = 13,597,358)

32.6 (0.5)/ 33.0 (0.5)

22.9 (0.4)/ 24.2 (0.3)

18.9 (0.3)/ 18.7 (0.3)

13.4 (0.3)/ 13.5 (0.3)

9.0 (0.2)/ 7.6 (0.2)

3.2 (0.1)/ 3.0 (0.1)

0.3096

Younger aged Men (n = 5,534,982)

42.2 (0.8)/ 36.1 (0.8)

25.4 (0.6)/ 26.0 (0.7)

17.6 (0.5)/ 18.0 (0.7)

8.7 (0.3)/ 11.6 (0.5)

5.1 (0.3)/ 6.3 (0.4)

1.0 (0.1)/ 2.0 (0.2)

0.0067

Middle aged Men (n = 8,062,377)

29.1 (0.6)/ 29.1 (0.5)

22.0 (0.5)/ 21.8 (0.4)

19.4 (0.5)/ 19.6 (0.4)

15.1 (0.4)/ 15.9 (0.4)

10.4 (0.4)/ 9.2 (0.3)

4.0 (0.2)/ 4.3 (0.2)

0.8014

Women (n = 14,030,244)

41.8 (0.5)/ 48.5 (0.5)

28.2 (0.4)/ 27.5 (0.4)

14.8 (0.3)/ 13.0 (0.3)

8.8 (0.2)/ 6.6 (0.2)

5.1 (0.2)/ 3.1 (0.1)

1.5 (0.1)/ 1.2 (0.1)

<.0001

Younger aged Women (n = 5,408,303)

58.1 (0.7)

/ 57.4 (0.9)

26.6 (0.5)

/ 26.3 (0.6)

10.3 (0.3)

/ 10.6 (0.4)

3.1 (0.2)

/ 3.9 (0.3)

1.3 (0.1)

/ 1.3 (0.1)

0.6 (0.1)

/ 0.5 (0.1)

0.8674

Middle aged Women (n = 8,621,941)

35.8 (0.6)

/ 38.7 (0.5)

28.7 (0.5)

/ 28.9 (0.4)

16.4 (0.4)

/ 15.7 (0.3)

10.9 (0.3)

/ 9.6 (0.2)

6.4 (0.2)

/ 5.0 (0.2)

1.8 (0.1)

/ 2.0 (0.1)

0.0516

Non-working population (n = 14,787,523)

39.6 (0.5)

/ 42.6 (0.4)

26.1 (0.4)

/ 25.6 (0.3)

15.3 (0.3)

/ 15.1 (0.3)

10.3 (0.2)

/ 9.2 (0.2)

6.6 (0.2)

/ 5.3 (0.2)

2.1 (0.1)

/ 2.2 (0.1)

0.0165

Men (n = 6,443,456)

37.4 (0.7)

/ 37.3 (0.7)

22.8 (0.6)

/ 23.6 (0.5)

15.6 (0.5)

/ 17.4 (0.5)

12.5 (0.4)

/ 11.7 (0.4)

8.5 (0.3)

/ 7.1 (0.3)

3.1 (0.2)

/ 3.0 (0.2)

0.4675

Younger aged Men (n = 1,990,178)

44.1 (1.3)

/ 38.1 (1.5)

26.8 (1.0)

/ 26.8 (1.2)

14.9 (0.8)

/ 17.0 (1.1)

8.3 (0.5)

/ 10.6 (0.8)

5.5 (0.5)

/ 5.6 (0.7)

0.4 (0.1)

/ 1.9 (0.3)

0.2059

Middle aged Men (n = 4,453,278)

35.8 (0.8)

/ 36.6 (0.7)

21.9 (0.7)

/ 20.9 (0.5)

15.9 (0.6)

/ 17.7 (0.5)

13.5 (0.6)

/ 12.6 (0.4)

9.3 (0.5)

/ 8.3 (0.3)

3.7 (0.3)

/ 3.9 (0.2)

0.7652

Women (n = 8,344,068)

41.2 (0.6)

/ 46.8 (0.6)

28.6 (0.5)

/ 27.2 (0.5)

15.1 (0.4)

/ 13.2 (0.3)

8.7 (0.3)

/ 7.2 (0.2)

5.1 (0.2)

/ 3.9 (0.2)

1.4 (0.1)

/ 1.6 (0.1)

0.0003

Younger aged Women (n = 2,754,380)

55.9 (1.0)

/ 56.0 (1.1)

26.9 (0.7)

/ 25.3 (0.9)

11.8 (0.5)

/ 11.3 (0.6)

3.1 (0.2)

/ 5.0 (0.4)

1.5 (0.1)

/ 1.8 (0.2)

0.9 (0.2)

/ 0.6 (0.2)

0.4899

Middle aged Women (n = 5,589,687)

36.9 (0.7)

/ 38.5 (0.6)

29.1 (0.6)

/ 29.0 (0.5)

16.1 (0.5)

/ 15.0 (0.4)

10.2 (0.4)

/ 9.3 (0.3)

6.1 (0.3)

/ 5.8 (0.2)

1.5 (0.1)

/ 2.4 (0.1)

0.2629

Working population (n = 12,840,079)

34.4 (0.5)

/ 38.9 (0.5)

25.0 (0.4)

/ 26.1 (0.4)

18.7 (0.3)

/ 16.6 (0.3)

11.9 (0.3)

/ 10.9 (0.3)

7.4 (0.2)

/ 5.4 (0.2)

2.6 (0.1)

/ 2.1 (0.1)

<.0001

Men (n = 7,153,902)

27.6 (0.6)

/ 29.7 (0.6)

23.0 (0.5)

/ 24.6 (0.6)

22.2 (0.5)

/ 19.7 (0.5)

14.3 (0.4)

/ 14.9 (0.5)

9.4 (0.3)

/ 8.0 (0.3)

3.4 (0.2)

/ 3.0 (0.2)

0.1410

Younger aged Men (n = 3,544,804)

41.0 (0.9)

/ 34.9 (1.0)

24.6 (0.7)

/ 25.5 (1.0)

19.2 (0.6)

/ 18.5 (0.8)

8.9 (0.4)

/ 12.2 (0.7)

4.8 (0.3)

/ 6.7 (0.5)

1.4 (0.2)

/ 2.1 (0.3)

0.0458

Middle aged Men (n = 3,609,098)

20.8 (0.8)

/ 20.0 (0.6)

22.2 (0.8)

/ 23.0 (0.6)

23.8 (0.8)

/ 21.8 (0.6)

17.1 (0.7)

/ 20.0 (0.6)

11.8 (0.6)

/ 10.3 (0.6)

4.4 (0.4)

/ 4.9 (0.3)

0.4969

Women (n = 5,686,176)

42.8 (0.7)

/ 50.5 (0.8)

27.5 (0.6)

/ 27.9 (0.6)

14.2 (0.4)

/ 12.8 (0.4)

9.0 (0.3)

/ 5.9 (0.3)

5.0 (0.2)

/ 2.1 (0.2)

1.6 (0.1)

/ 0.8 (0.1)

<.0001

Younger aged Women (n = 2,653,923)

60.5 (1.0)

/ 58.8 (1.3)

26.3 (0.7)

/ 27.2 (0.9)

8.7 (0.4)

/ 9.9 (0.6)

3.1 (0.2)

/ 2.9 (0.3)

1.2 (0.1)

/ 0.8 (0.2)

0.3 (0.1)

/ 0.4 (0.1)

0.8927

Middle aged Women (n = 3,032,254)

33.5 (0.8)

/ 38.9 (0.8)

28.1 (0.8)

/ 28.8 (0.7)

17.1 (0.6)

/ 16.8 (0.5)

12.1 (0.5)

/ 10.2 (0.4)

7.0 (0.4)

/ 3.9 (0.3)

2.3 (0.2)

/ 1.4 (0.1)

0.0033