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Fig. 4 | Nutrition & Metabolism

Fig. 4

From: Oleic acid ameliorates palmitic acid induced hepatocellular lipotoxicity by inhibition of ER stress and pyroptosis

Fig. 4

Palmitic acid induced ER stress was associated with pyroptosis activation, and oleic acid protected HepG2 cells from ER stress. HepG2 were treated with 0.4 mM PA, 0.2 mM OA or their combination (PA/OA). a-b. The mRNA expressions (a) and protein expressions (b) of key genes governing ER stress were detected after 24 h treatment, and β-ACTIN was used as an internal control for qPCR and Western Blot, respectively. c. Representative western blots of GRP78 and CHOP after 24 h treatment, and β-ACTIN was used as a protein-loading control. d. HepG2 cells were exposed to PA or OA and subsequently labeled by immunofluorescence with anti-NLRP3 (red) and anti-CHOP (green) antibodies, respectively. e. All groups labeled for GRP78 (red) and ASC (green) as well. f. HepG2 cells were exposed to PA and was visualized under a microscope at 400× magnification after 24 h treatment. Inset shows zoomed of indicated region. The data are presented as means±SD for 3–5 biological replicates; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, vs. BSA; #P < 0.05, vs. PA; ns no significant differences between two connected groups

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