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Table 3 Associations of risk of developing NAFLD with fibrosis with FM/FFM by sex and obesity status

From: Fat mass to fat-free mass ratio and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and fibrosis in non-obese and obese individuals

 

Quartile 1

Quartile 2

Quartile 3

Quartile 4

p for trend

Per 1 SD increment

p value

Men (n = 1017)

 Non-obesity (n = 612)

  NAFLD with NFS ≥  − 1.455

   Model 1

Reference

1.12 (0.46–2.73)

1.34 (0.57–3.15)

2.42 (1.10–5.30)

0.018

1.36 (1.04–1.78)

0.024

   Model 2

1.13 (0.45–2.82)

1.22 (0.50–3.01)

2.68 (1.19–6.03)

0.013

1.42 (1.07–1.89)

0.016

   Model 3

0.76 (0.29–2.00)

0.91 (0.36–2.33)

1.60 (0.67–3.84)

0.170

1.20 (0.88–1.64)

0.257

  NAFLD with FIB-4 ≥ 1.3

   Model 1

Reference

1.32 (0.58–3.01)

1.52 (0.68–3.39)

2.42 (1.14–5.13)

0.017

1.39 (1.08–1.79)

0.010

   Model 2

1.49 (0.64–3.43)

1.45 (0.63–3.35)

2.78 (1.28–6.06)

0.011

1.47 (1.13–1.92)

0.004

   Model 3

1.09 (0.46–2.60)

1.10 (0.46–2.61)

1.72 (0.75–3.96)

0.181

1.25 (0.94–1.67)

0.130

 Obesity (n = 405)

  NAFLD with NFS ≥  − 1.455

   Model 1

Reference

1.20 (0.61–2.39)

1.33 (0.68–2.61)

2.09 (1.09–4.01)

0.024

1.35 (1.08–1.69)

0.009

   Model 2

1.42 (0.70–2.87)

1.48 (0.73–2.99)

2.59 (1.30–5.16)

0.008

1.41 (1.12–1.78)

0.003

   Model 3

1.42 (0.68–2.98)

1.41 (0.66–2.98)

2.69 (1.28–5.65)

0.011

1.40 (1.08–1.80)

0.010

  NAFLD with FIB-4 ≥ 1.3

   Model 1

Reference

1.40 (0.72–2.72)

1.46 (0.76–2.81)

1.97 (1.03–3.74)

0.045

1.25 (1.00–1.55)

0.046

   Model 2

1.71 (0.86–3.39)

1.62 (0.81–3.22)

2.53 (1.28–5.03)

0.013

1.32 (1.06–1.66)

0.016

   Model 3

1.66 (0.81–3.41)

1.47 (0.71–3.04)

2.46 (1.19–5.09)

0.029

1.28 (1.00–1.64)

0.053

Women (n = 2402)

 Non-obesity (n = 1569)

  NAFLD with NFS ≥  − 1.455

   Model 1

Reference

1.42 (0.76–2.64)

1.97 (1.09–3.55)

2.76 (1.57–4.86)

 < 0.001

1.37 (1.15–1.63)

< 0.001

   Model 2

1.59 (0.83–3.04)

2.28 (1.22–4.23)

3.07 (1.68–5.62)

 < 0.001

1.37 (1.15–1.63)

< 0.001

   Model 3

1.38 (0.72–2.68)

1.91 (1.01–3.61)

2.40 (1.27–4.51)

0.003

1.26 (1.06–1.51)

0.009

  NAFLD with FIB-4 ≥ 1.3

   Model 1

Reference

1.50 (0.88–2.58)

1.98 (1.18–3.32)

2.88 (1.76–4.72)

 < 0.001

1.39 (1.19–1.63)

< 0.001

   Model 2

1.63 (0.93–2.84)

2.21 (1.29–3.78)

3.14 (1.87–5.28)

 < 0.001

1.39 (1.19–1.63)

< 0.001

   Model 3

1.38 (0.79–2.44)

1.77 (1.02–3.07)

2.27 (1.32–3.92)

0.002

1.25 (1.06–1.47)

0.008

 Obesity (n = 833)

  NAFLD with NFS ≥  − 1.455

   Model 1

Reference

1.20 (0.74–1.96)

1.34 (0.83–2.17)

1.87 (1.18–2.98)

0.007

1.22 (1.05–1.43)

0.012

   Model 2

1.38 (0.83–2.29)

1.52 (0.92–2.52)

2.25 (1.39–3.66)

0.001

1.29 (1.10–1.51)

0.002

   Model 3

1.36 (0.81–2.28)

1.40 (0.83–2.35)

2.03 (1.23–3.35)

0.007

1.25 (1.06–1.47)

0.001

  NAFLD with FIB-4 ≥ 1.3

   Model 1

Reference

1.03 (0.64–1.66)

1.02 (0.64–1.65)

1.72 (1.10–2.69)

0.021

1.20 (1.03–1.40)

0.023

   Model 2

1.18 (0.72–1.93)

1.15 (0.70–1.90)

2.06 (1.29–3.29)

0.003

1.27 (1.08–1.49)

0.004

   Model 3

1.13 (0.68–1.88)

1.03 (0.61–1.73)

1.89 (1.16–3.07)

0.017

1.23 (1.04–1.45)

0.015

  1. Data are odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
  2. P values were calculated from the logistic regression models. Model 1 was crude model. Model 2 adjusted for age, current smoking, current drinking, active physical activity, and education level. Model 3 further adjusted for fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, white blood cells based on model 2
  3. FM/FFM fat-to-fat free mass ratio, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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