Table 1 The summery of potentiating and preventing role of lncRNAs in fatty liver disease
| lncRNA | Target | Role in NAFLD, NASH, and fibrosis | Expression in disease | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SRA |
FoxO1 PPARγ |
Promotes adipocytes differentiation Promotes insulin-stimulated glucose absorption Prevents FFA oxidation | Upregulated | [36, 37, 39] |
| NEAT1 |
miR-146-5p ROCK1 | Promotes adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipid absorption | Upregulated | [40, 42, 43, 45] |
| MALAT1 | CXCL5 | Contributes to the hepatic insulin resistance | Upregulated | [54] |
| UC372 |
miR-195/miR-4668 RALGAPA1 | Initiates hepatic steatosis | Upregulated | [56, 142] |
| lncARSR | YAP1 | Modulates cholesterol metabolism | Upregulated | [61] |
| APOA4-AS | HuR protein |
Enhances insulin and triglyceride secretion Inhibits gluconeogenesis | Upregulated | [66, 67] |
| lnc-H19 |
hnRNP1 PPARγ |
Facilitates lipid accumulation in hepatocytes Enhances hepatic steatosis development | Upregulated | [69, 74, 76] |
| NONMMUT010685 NONMMUT050689 |
XBP1 RIPK1 | Progresses NASH development | Upregulated | [79] |
| RUNX1 |
CCL2 PIK3CA | Increases inflammation in liver | Upregulated | [88,89,90] |
| HOTAIR |
miR-29b PTEN | Accelerates liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis | Upregulated | [95, 143] |
| Gm15622 | miR-742-3p | Increases lipid accumulation in liver | Upregulated | [96] |
| HULC | MAPK | Promotes NAFLD development | Upregulated | [99, 100] |
| lnc18q22.2 | BCL2 family | Decreases cell viability in hepatic cell lines | Upregulated | [103] |
| lncLSTR |
Cyp8b1 FXR | Enhances TG clearance | Downregulated | [104] |
| Mirt2 | miR-34a-5p |
Impedes insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis Modulates gluconeogenesis/lipogenesis in hepatocytes | Downregulated | [109, 115] |
| MEG3 |
LRP6 miR-136 Nrf-2 miR-140-5p |
Inhibits lipid generation and secretion Promotes osteogenesis despite adipogenesis | Downregulated | [117, 120, 122] |
| FLRL2 | Arntl |
Alleviates NAFLD and steatosis Decrease ER stress and liver inflammation | Downregulated | [123] |
| lncSHGL |
hnRNPA1 Calmodulin |
Suppresses gluconeogenesis Attenuates hyperglycemia and fatty liver | Downregulated | [125] |
| lncHR1 |
FAS SREBP-1c | Inhibits the accumulation of fatty acids and TG | Downregulated | [128, 129] |
| MRAK052686 | ZBTB20 | Regulates cellular stress | Downregulated | [132, 133, 135] |