Table 1 Characteristics of subjects according to the presence or absence of the nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases at baseline (n = 2492)
| Variables |
Non-NAFLD (n = 1724) |
NAFLD (n = 768) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 58.7 ± 5.6 | 58.8 ± 5.3 | 0.62 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 78 (4.5) | 36 (4.7) | 0.88 |
| Educational attainment, n (%) | 0.48 | ||
| 0–6 | 448 (26.0) | 202 (26.3) | |
| 7–9 | 781 (45.3) | 363 (47.3) | |
| ≥ 10 | 495 (28.7) | 203 (26.4) | |
| Physical activity, n (%) | 0.52 | ||
| Low | 1258 (73.0) | 577 (75.1) | |
| Moderate | 343 (19.9) | 139 (18.1) | |
| High | 123 (7.1) | 52 (6.8) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.22 ± 1.61 | 23.27 ± 1.40 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 78.2 ± 7.1 | 82.6 ± 6.6 | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 127.77 ± 18.13 | 131.27 ± 18.57 | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.15 ± 9.73 | 79.47 ± 9.66 | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 6.00 ± 1.36 | 6.68 ± 2.06 | < 0.001 |
| PPG (mmol/L) | 7.96 ± 3.25 | 9.87 ± 4.47 | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.90 ± 0.84 | 6.30 ± 1.22 | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.49 (1.16–1.93) | 2.29 (1.65–2.97) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.33 ± 0.32 | 1.19 ± 0.30 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.67 ± 0.76 | 2.71 ± 0.82 | 0.174 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.74 ± 1.00 | 4.86 ± 1.06 | 0.011 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.18 (0.89–1.60) | 1.71 (1.21–2.50) | < 0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 12 (9–16) | 15 (11–23) | < 0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 18 (15–22) | 19 (16–24) | 0.004 |
| GGT (U/L) | 15 (11–20) | 20 (14–31) | < 0.001 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 1.09 (0.58–2.01) | 2.04 (1.10–3.16) | < 0.001 |
| Adiponectin (mg/L) | 3.81 ± 1.17 | 3.19 ± 0.97 | < 0.001 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 32.0 ± 2.4 | 33.4 ± 2.6 | < 0.001 |