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Fig. 4 | Nutrition & Metabolism

Fig. 4

From: The deletion of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors expressing neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus disrupts the diurnal feeding pattern and induces hyperphagia and obesity

Fig. 4

DMH projecting NTS neurons with GLP-1 expression increase c-Fos after feeding. A The injection site of the retrograde tracer, CTB in the DMH. Scale bar = 100 μm. B The scheme of dorsal vagal complex (AP: area postrema, NTS: nucleus tractus solitaries and DMNV: dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus) at − 13.8 mm from the bregma. D, E correspond with the blue square in B (lateral region of NTS). D: confocal image of GLP-1 immunoreactive neurons. c CTB-positive neurons in the NTS of rats with CTB injected into the DMH. E A merged image of D and C. Arrowheads indicate the double-positive neurons of GLP-1 and CTB. Scale bars = 10 μm. Enlarged images located in the right corner of image D and E correspond to the asterisk- (*) labelled neuron. F–K The distribution of CTB-positive neurons (F, I), c-Fos-positive neurons (G, J) and a merged image (H, K) in the NTS of a control fasting (F–H) or refeeding (I–K) rat. l The percentage of c-Fos-positive neurons among CTB-labelled neurons in the NTS after refeeding. (n = 4, 3). ** P < 0.01. M The scheme of the role of GLP-1R expressing neurons in the DMH. “meal” signal may be transmitted to SCN neurons and change the neural activities partially via NTS GLP-1 neurons and DMH GLP-1R expressing neurons

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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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