Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of participants according to the presence of MAFLD

From: Prevalence and risk factors of metabolic associated fatty liver disease in the contemporary South China population

Variables

Total (n = 5377)

Non-MAFLD (n = 3806)

MAFLD (n = 1571)

p value

Demographic variables

Men (%)

2173 (40.4)

1618 (42.5)

555 (35.3)

< 0.001

Age (years)

67 (60–71)

67 (57–71)

67 (63–71)

< 0.001

Married (%)

4744 (88.4)

3363 (88.5)

1381 (88.2)

0.825

High school and above (%)

963 (17.9)

654 (17.2)

309 (19.7)

0.033

High-income (%)

2831 (53.5)

1931 (51.5)

900 (58.5)

< 0.001

Chronic disease

Hypertension (%)

3136 (58.3)

2022 (53.1)

1114 (70.9)

< 0.001

T2DM (%)

830 (15.4)

438 (11.5)

392 (25.0)

< 0.001

Metabolic dysregulation (%)

1888 (35.2)

913 (24.1)

975 (62.2)

< 0.001

Overweight/obesity (%)

3419 (63.7)

2000 (52.7)

1419 (90.5)

< 0.001

Central obesity (%)

3001 (56.0)

1694 (44.6)

1307 (83.4)

< 0.001

Drugs

Antihypertensive (%)

1771 (33.1)

1060 (28.0)

711 (45.6)

< 0.001

Hypoglycemic drugs (%)

628 (11.8)

335 (8.9)

293 (18.8)

< 0.001

Lipid-lowering drugs (%)

152 (2.8)

96 (2.5)

56 (3.6)

0.042

Physical index

BMI (kg/m2)

24.31 ± 3.52

23.3 ± 3.12

26.75 ± 3.22

< 0.001

WC (cm)

85.48 ± 9.54

82.98 ± 8.87

91.53 ± 8.32

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

136.77 ± 19.50

135.10 ± 19.61

140.80 ± 18.65

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

81.52 ± 10.84

80.90 ± 10.89

83.01 ± 10.58

< 0.001

Pulse pressure (mmHg)

55.25 ± 15.36

54.20 ± 15.15

57.79 ± 15.58

< 0.001

MAP (mmHg)

99.94 ± 12.36

98.97 ± 12.5

102.28 ± 11.69

< 0.001

Clinical index

   

< 0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

4.95 (4.55–5.52)

4.85 (4.48–5.33)

5.27 (4.77–6.03)

< 0.001

ALT (IU/L)

20 (16–27)

19 (15–25)

23 (18–32)

< 0.001

AST (IU/L)

22 (18–26)

21 (18–25)

22 (19–27)

< 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.34 (0.96–1.95)

1.20 (0.88–1.69)

1.80 (1.29–2.53)

< 0.001

TC (mmol/L)

5.23 ± 1.07

5.2 ± 1.07

5.31 ± 1.07

< 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.36 ± 0.34

1.4 ± 0.36

1.25 ± 0.27

< 0.001

LDL-C (mmol/L)

3.21 ± 0.91

3.19 ± 0.91

3.27 ± 0.92

0.003

UA (μmol/L)

364.68 ± 98.07

353.02 ± 95.35

392.92 ± 98.86

< 0.001

Lifestyle

Current smoking (%)

724 (13.5)

584 (15.3)

140 (8.9)

< 0.001

Drinking (%)

267 (5.0)

182 (4.8)

85 (5.4)

0.366

Physical activity (MET-min/week)

1779 (1386–3465)

2076 (1386–3906)

1386 (1386–3066)

< 0.001

Frequency of soups (%)

   

< 0.001

 < 1 per month

894 (16.8)

580 (15.4)

314 (20.2)

 

 < 1 per week

166 (3.1)

113 (3.0)

53 (3.4)

 

 1–2 per week

712 (13.4)

495 (13.1)

217 (14.0)

 

 3–4 per week

2083 (39.1)

1588 (42.0)

495 (31.9)

 

 5–6 per week

730 (13.7)

530 (14.0)

200 (12.9)

 

 Daily

745 (14.0)

471 (12.5)

274 (17.6)

 
  1. Values were means ± SD or medians in cases of continuous variables and numbers (percentages) in case of categorical data. For differences across the groups of calculated with χ2 test and analysis of variance for categorical and continuous data, respectively
  2. MAFLD metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, FPG fasting plasma glucose, LDL low-density lipoprotein, TG triglyceride, BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, MAP mean arterial pressure, TC total cholesterol, HDL high-density lipoprotein, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, SD standard deviation