Skip to main content

Table 2 Participant characteristics across quartiles of the dietary indices of HI and IR; the Third examination of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2006–2008)

From: Development and validation of dietary and lifestyle insulinemic indices among Iranian adult population

 

Dietary index for hyperinsulinemia

Ptrend

Dietary index for insulin resistance

Ptrend

Q1 (n = 266)

Q2 (n = 265)

Q3 (n = 266)

Q4 (n = 266)

Q1 (n = 266)

Q2 (n = 266)

Q3 (n = 266)

Q4 (n = 265)

Age, y

44.4 ± 13.2

43.2 ± 11.8

42.2 ± 11.4

42.2 ± 12.7

0.031

45.2 ± 13.2

42.7 ± 11.7

41.8 ± 11.5

42.3 ± 12.5

0.006

Male, (%)

38.0

40.0

45.5

55.6

 < 0.001

42.5

41.4

40.6

54.7

0.003

Current smokers, (%)

13.2

10.6

13.2

16.9

0.201

16.5

9.4

13.2

14.7

0.087

Physical activity (MET-h/wk.)

27.8 (13.9–55.6)

23.6 (10.1–51.2)

25.9 (8.4–62.5)

27.8 (11.1–52.5)

0.490

27.8 (13.1–55.4)

20.8 (9.1–48.2)

27.8 (11.4–63.4)

27.3 (10.9–52.1)

0.481

Occupation status (employed), n (%)

227 (85.3)

233 (87.9)

236 (88.7)

236 (88.7)

0.592

224 (84.2)

238 (89.5)

236 (88.7)

234 (88.3)

0.231

Medication drugs use, n (%)

18 (6.8)

17 (6.4)

15 (5.6)

14 (5.3)

0.879

19 (7.1)

17 (6.4)

12 (4.5)

16 (6.0)

0.617

Family history of diabetes (%)

21.8

18.1

15.4

18.8

0.293

18.8

19.9

16.2

19.2

0.675

BMI, kg/m2

27.1 ± 4.7

27.7 ± 5.0

27.5 ± 5.1

27.3 ± 4.8

0.848

27.0 ± 4.6

27.6 ± 4.8

27.4 ± 5.1

27.8 ± 5.1

0.090

Waist, cm

89.1 ± 12.2

91.0 ± 12.8

90.8 ± 12.6

92.2 ± 12.4

0.007

89.3 ± 12.1

90.8 ± 12.2

89.9 ± 12.6

92.9 ± 13.0

0.003

Fasting blood sugar (mg/dl)

4.84 ± 0.48

4.83 ± 0.47

4.86 ± 0.54

4.86 ± 0.49

0.505

4.83 ± 0.48

4.81 ± 0.47

4.84 ± 0.50

4.89 ± 0.51

0.138

Fasting serum insulin (mU/mL)

7.9 ± 4.0

8.6 ± 4.2

9.3 ± 5.3

9.9 ± 6.1

 < 0.001

7.8 ± 4.0

8.8 ± 4.3

9.1 ± 4.7

10.2 ± 6.49

 < 0.001

HOMA-IR

1.73 ± 0.99

1.86 ± 0.97

2.05 ± 1.27

2.17 ± 1.45

 < 0.001

1.70 ± 0.94

1.90 ± 1.03

1.97 ± 1.09

2.25 ± 1.57

 < 0.001

Triglycerides(mmol/l)

1.54 ± 0.85

1.63 ± 0.91

1.54 ± 0.80

1.84 ± 1.20

0.001

1.52 ± 0.82

1.63 ± 0.93

1.57 ± 0.80

1.83 ± 1.19

 < 0.001

High-density lipoprotein (mmol/l)

1.12 ± 0.25

1.09 ± 0.27

1.07 ± 0.24

1.05 ± 0.24

 < 0.001

1.11 ± 0.26

1.09 ± 0.26

1.08 ± 0.26

1.05 ± 0.24

0.004

TG: HDL

1.55 ± 1.19

1.68 ± 1.19

1.60 ± 1.10

1.95 ± 1.58

0.001

1.55 ± 1.17

1.68 ± 1.24

1.60 ± 1.05

1.95 ± 1.60

0.001

Visceral adiposity index

2.50 ± 1.94

2.70 ± 1.90

2.49 ± 1.64

3.01 ± 2.43

0.006

2.46 ± 1.90

2.66 ± 1.91

2.56 ± 1.64

3.03 ± 2.45

0.002

Energy intake (Kcal)

2290 ± 654

2221 ± 655

2139 ± 673

2225 ± 737

0.229

2281 ± 687

2232 ± 660

2147 ± 629

2215 ± 744

0.176

  1. Data are presented as the mean ± SD or as the median (IQR) for continuous variables and as percentages or numbers and percentages for categorical variables
  2. Chi-square and linear regression were used to test the trend of qualitative and quantitative variables across quartiles of developed insulinemic indices
Back to article page

Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

Contact us