From: High-fat diets containing different types of fatty acids modulate gut-brain axis in obese mice
Fatty acid (mg/ml) | CON | LCSFA | MCSFA | n-3 PUFA | n-6 PUFA | MUFA | TFA | F | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C8:0 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.008 ± 0.015 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.008 ± 0.021 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 1.162 | 0.342 |
C12:0 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.008 ± 0.022 | 0.031 ± 0.008a | 0.000 ± 0.000c | 0.002 ± 0.005c | 0.000 ± 0.000c | 0.003 ± 0.007c | 11.883 |  < 0.001 |
C13:0 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.007 ± 0.018 | 1.000 | 0.436 |
C14:0 | 0.005 ± 0.004 | 0.002 ± 0.003 | 0.043 ± 0.008ab | 0.002 ± 0.002c | 0.005 ± 0.009c | 0.003 ± 0.003c | 0.003 ± 0.003c | 63.585 |  < 0.001 |
C15:0 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 1.750 | 0.129 |
C16:0 | 0.692 ± 0.082 | 0.668 ± 0.127 | 0.751 ± 0.063 | 0.507 ± 0.089abc | 0.613 ± 0.087c | 0.691 ± 0.126d | 0.648 ± 0.155d | 4.060 | 0.002 |
C17:0 | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.003 ± 0.003 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 0.001 ± 0.003 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 1.232 | 0.306 |
C18:0 | 0.408 ± 0.056 | 0.433 ± 0.123 | 0.406 ± 0.021 | 0.369 ± 0.061 | 0.413 ± 0.084 | 0.406 ± 0.094 | 0.381 ± 0.093 | 0.522 | 0.789 |
C20:0 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.001 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.436 |
C22:0 | 0.101 ± 0.032 | 0.000 ± 0.000a | 0.120 ± 0.041b | 0.000 ± 0.000ac | 0.000 ± 0.000ac | 0.028 ± 0.014abcde | 0.002 ± 0.006acf | 51.476 |  < 0.001 |
Total SFA | 1.207 ± 0.123 | 1.121 ± 0.245 | 1.352 ± 0.107b | 0.879 ± 0.144abc | 1.033 ± 0.168c | 1.136 ± 0.227 cd | 1.044 ± 0.243c | 5.016 |  < 0.001 |
C14:1 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.003 ± 0.007 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 1.021 | 0.423 |
C15:1 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.003 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.436 |
C16:1 | 0.090 ± 0.019 | 0.038 ± 0.012a | 0.183 ± 0.037ab | 0.020 ± 0.008ac | 0.021 ± 0.006ac | 0.039 ± 0.008acde | 0.052 ± 0.013acde | 85.237 |  < 0.001 |
C17:1 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.003 | 0.003 ± 0.006 | 0.004 ± 0.006 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.003 ± 0.006 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 1.512 | 0.194 |
C18:1 n-9c | 0.389 ± 0.050 | 0.264 ± 0.066a | 0.467 ± 0.090ab | 0.155 ± 0.029abc | 0.163 ± 0.037abc | 0.538 ± 0.072abcde | 0.360 ± 0.051bcdef | 47.979 |  < 0.001 |
C20:1 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.004 ± 0.004 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 0.003 ± 0.005 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 3.239 | 0.009 |
Total MUFA | 0.479 ± 0.064 | 0.306 ± 0.081a | 0.658 ± 0.124ab | 0.179 ± 0.038abc | 0.185 ± 0.043abc | 0.582 ± 0.086abde | 0.411 ± 0.063bcdef | 48.109 |  < 0.001 |
C18:2 n-6c | 0.188 ± 0.032 | 0.377 ± 0.088a | 0.278 ± 0.060ab | 0.516 ± 0.077abc | 0.671 ± 0.121abcd | 0.322 ± 0.077ade | 0.411 ± 0.042acdef | 35.158 |  < 0.001 |
C18:3 n-6 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 0.002 ± 0.003 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 2.423 | 0.040 |
C20:3 n-6 | 0.037 ± 0.019 | 0.037 ± 0.017 | 0.055 ± 0.019 | 0.010 ± 0.012abc | 0.027 ± 0.018c | 0.053 ± 0.026de | 0.036 ± 0.018d | 5.361 |  < 0.001 |
C20:4 n-6 | 0.433 ± 0.104 | 0.655 ± 0.168a | 0.498 ± 0.196 | 0.128 ± 0.043abc | 0.584 ± 0.101d | 0.687 ± 0.189acd | 0.686 ± 0.215acd | 13.006 |  < 0.001 |
Total n-6 PUFA | 0.658 ± 0.107 | 1.069 ± 0.234a | 0.833 ± 0.232b | 0.654 ± 0.101b | 1.281 ± 0.218acd | 1.063 ± 0.265acde | 1.133 ± 0.253acd | 10.637 |  < 0.001 |
C18:3 n-3 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.001 ± 0.003 | 0.098 ± 0.028abc | 0.003 ± 0.006d | 0.000 ± 0.000d | 0.000 ± 0.000d | 89.771 |  < 0.001 |
C20:5 n-3 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.198 ± 0.042abc | 0.011 ± 0.009d | 0.009 ± 0.006abcd | 0.000 ± 0.000df | 165.265 |  < 0.001 |
C22:6 n-3 | 0.107 ± 0.029 | 0.158 ± 0.059 | 0.102 ± 0.035 | 0.163 ± 0.025ac | 0.240 ± 0.077ac | 0.244 ± 0.035acd | 0.209 ± 0.050ac | 12.010 |  < 0.001 |
Total n-3 PUFA | 0.107 ± 0.029 | 0.158 ± 0.059 | 0.103 ± 0.035 | 0.459 ± 0.065abc | 0.254 ± 0.083abcd | 0.253 ± 0.038abcd | 0.209 ± 0.050acd | 40.425 |  < 0.001 |
n-6/n-3 PUFA | 6.604 ± 2.113 | 7.447 ± 2.196 | 8.430 ± 1.454 | 1.444 ± 0.247abc | 5.510 ± 1.784d | 4.173 ± 0.769 cd | 5.582 ± 1.193 cd | 17.787 |  < 0.001 |
Total PUFA | 0.765 ± 0.121 | 1.227 ± 0.281a | 0.936 ± 0.264b | 1.113 ± 0.143a | 1.534 ± 0.295abcd | 1.316 ± 0.293ac | 1.342 ± 0.283ac | 8.748 |  < 0.001 |
C18:1n9t | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.068 ± 0.034abcdef | 31.490 |  < 0.001 |