Table 3 The relationship between nutrition related indicators and biliary diseases
First author, year | No. of included studies | Type of study | Nutrition related indicators | Effects model | MA metric | Estimates | 95%CI | Test for overall effect (p-value) | I2% (p-value) | Egger test (p-value) | Publication bias and small-study effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gallbladder cancer | |||||||||||
Gu [41] | 20 | Total Case–control(8); Cohort(12) | Type 2 DM | random | RR | 1.56 | (1.36–1.79) | NA | 43.5 (0.01) |  < 0.001 | Exist publication bias |
Gu [41]# | 8 | Case–control | Type 2 DM | random | RR | 1.52 | (1.09–2.11) | NA | 38.8 (0.109) |  < 0.001 | Exist publication bias |
Gu [41]# | 12 | Cohort | Type 2 DM | random | RR | 1.57 | (1.35–1.83) | NA | 48.7 (0.013) |  < 0.001 | Exist publication bias |
Li [42] | 17 | Total Case–control(8); Cohort(9) | Overweight | random | RR | 1.17 | (1.07–1.28) | NA | 32.6 (0.03) | 0.375 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 8 | Case–control | Overweight | random | RR | 1.24 | (1.07–1.44) | NA | 0 (0.877) | 0.375 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 9 | Cohort | Overweight | random | RR | 1.15 | (1.02–1.30) | NA | 56.9 (0.004) | 0.375 | No publication bias |
Li [42] | 22 | Total Case–control(9); Cohort(13) | Obesity | random | RR | 1.62 | (1.49–1.75) | NA | 0 (0.524) | 0.375 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 9 | Case–control | Obesity | random | RR | 1.48 | (1.26–1.74) | NA | 0 (0.544) | 0.375 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 13 | Cohort | Obesity | random | RR | 1.67 | (1.52–1.83) | NA | 0 (0.492) | 0.375 | No publication bias |
Biliary tract cancer | |||||||||||
Li [42] | 8(eCCA) | Total Case–control(4); Cohort(4) | Overweight | random | RR | 1.26 | (1.14–1.39) | NA | 0 (0.452) | 0.478 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 4(eCCA) | Case–control | Overweight | random | RR | 1.11 | (0.89–1.39) | NA | 10.3 (0.350) | 0.478 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 4(eCCA) | Cohort | Overweight | random | RR | 1.31 | (1.16–1.47) | NA | 0 (0.596) | 0.478 | No publication bias |
Li [42] | 16(eCCA) | Total Case–control(9); Cohort(7) | Obesity | random | RR | 1.48 | (1.21–1.81) | NA | 68 (0.000) | 0.478 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 9(eCCA) | Case–control | Obesity | random | RR | 1.27 | (1.03–1.55) | NA | 53.6 (0.011) | 0.478 | No publication bias |
Li [42]# | 7(eCCA) | Cohort | Obesity | random | RR | 1.81 | (1.29–2.53) | NA | 62.7 (0.004) | 0.478 | No publication bias |
Petrick [24] | 4(iCCA) | Total Nested case–control(3); Cohort(1) | Obesity | random | RR | 1.49 | (1.32–1.70) |  < 0.001 | 0 (0.70) | 0.09 | Exist publication bias |
Petrick [24]# | 3(iCCA) | Nested case–control | Obesity | random | RR | 1.46 | (1.27–1.69) |  < 0.001 | 0 (0.60) | 0.09 | Exist publication bias |
Petrick [24]# | 1(iCCA) | Cohort | Obesity | random | RR | 1.62 | (1.23–2.12) |  < 0.001 | – | 0.09 | Exist publication bias |
Petrick [24] | 6(iCCA) | Total Nested case–control(4); Cohort(2) | DM | random | RR | 1.53 | (1.31–1.78) |  < 0.001 | 67.3 (0.009) | 0.9 | No publication bias |
Petrick [24]# | 4(iCCA) | Nested case–control | DM | random | RR | 1.59 | (1.47–1.72) |  < 0.001 | 0 (0.40) | 0.9 | No publication bias |
Petrick [24]# | 2(iCCA) | Cohort | DM | random | RR | 1.45 | (0.99–2.13) | 0.06 | 81.1 (0.02) | 0.9 | No publication bias |
Cholecystolithiasis/gallbladder diease | |||||||||||
Aune [33] | 10 | Cohort | DM | random | RR | 1.56 | (1.26–1.93) | NA | 99.4 (< 0.0001) | 0.70 | No publication bias |
Barclay [25] | 2 | Cohort | Glycemic index rate (highest vs. lowest) | fixed | RR | 1.26 | (1.13–1.40) |  < 0.0001 | NA | Only funnel plot (N) | No publication bias |
Barclay [25] | 2 | Cohort | Glycemic load rate (highest vs. lowest) | fixed | RR | 1.41 | (1.25–1.60) |  < 0.0001 | NA | Only funnel plot (N) | No publication bias |
Dagfinn Aune [34] | 17 | Cohort | Every 5 unit increment of BMI | random | RR | 1.63 | (1.49–1.78) | NA | 98 (< 0.0001) | 0.13 | No publication bias |
Dagfinn Aune [34] | 5 | Cohort | Every 10 cm increment of waist circumference | random | RR | 1.46 | (1.24–1.72) | NA | 98 (< 0.0001) | NA | NA |
Dagfinn Aune [34] | 4 | Cohort | Every 0.1 unit increment in waist-to-hip ratio | random | RR | 1.44 | (1.26–1.64) | NA | 92 (< 0.0001) | NA | NA |
Daniel [26] | 2 | Cohort | Triglycerides | fixed | OR | 1.10 | (0.99–1.22) | NA | 0 (NA) | NA | NA |
Daniel [26] | 2 | Cohort | HDL cholesterol | fixed | OR | 0.87 | (0.62–1.23) | NA | 0 (NA) | NA | NA |
Daniel [26] | 2 | Cohort | Non-HDL cholesterol | fixed | OR | 1.19 | (1.07–1.32) | NA | 81 (NA) | NA | NA |