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Table 3 Regression models based on TyG to estimate BMI changes within on the complete nutritional program; period 3 (0–34 weeks)

From: Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss

Change in BMI (kg/m2) ‡Period 3 (0–34 weeks)

TyG

β (95% CI)

p

R2

TyG

β (95% CI)

p

R2

TyG

β (95% CI)

p

R2

Crude

TyG 1

0.185 (−0.221; 0.590)

0.371

0.0228*

TyG 2

−0.154 (−0.637; 0.330)

0.532

0.0219

∆TyG1

0.350 (−0.083; 0.783)

0.113

0.0267*

 

LP/LGI

0.013 (−0.635; 0.661)

0.969

 

LP/LGI

0.002 (−0.653; 0.657)

0.996

 

LP/LGI

0.058 (−0.602; 0.717)

0.863

 
 

LP/HGI

0.560 (−0.100; 1.220)

0.096

 

LP/HGI

0.564 (−0.102; 1.229)

0.097

 

LP/HGI

0.572 (−0.095; 1.238)

0.092

 
 

HP/LGI

−0.504 (−1.127; 0.119)

0.113

 

HP/LGI

−0.497 (−1.127; 0.133)

0.122

 

HP/LGI

−0.497 (−1.128; 0.134)

0.122

 
 

HP/HGI

−0.161 (−0.805; 0.483)

0.624

 

HP/HGI

−0.138 (−0.787; 0.511)

0.676

 

HP/HGI

−0.090 (−0.744; 0.563)

0.786

 

†Minimum setting

TyG 1

0.179 (−0.239; 0.596)

0.400

0.0685***

TyG 2

−0.056 (−0.536; 0.425)

0.820

0.0666**

∆TyG1

0.258 (−0.182; 0.699)

0.249

0.0686**

 

LP/LGI

−0.016 (−0.651; 0.620)

0.961

 

LP/LGI

−0.047 (−0.690; 0.595)

0.885

 

LP/LGI

0.006 (−0.642; 0.654)

0.985

 
 

LP/HGI

0.590 (−0.058; 1.238)

0.074

 

LP/HGI

0.585 (−0.069; 1.239)

0.080

 

LP/HGI

0.597 (−0.058; 1.253)

0.074

 
 

HP/LGI

−0.531 (−1.143; 0.080)

0.088

 

HP/LGI

−0.531 (−1.150; 0.088)

0.092

 

HP/LGI

−0.518 (−1.139; 0.103)

0.102

 
 

HP/HGI

−0.230 (−0.863; 0.403)

0.476

 

HP/HGI

−0.225 (−0.863; 0.414)

0.489

 

HP/HGI

−0.178 (−0.822; 0.467)

0.588

 

†Maximum setting

TyG1

0.118 (−0.212; 0.449)

0.483

0.4674***

TyG 2

−0.243 (−0.612; 0.127)

0.197

0.4698***

∆TyG1

0.339 (−0.001; 0.679)

0.051

0.4733***

 

LP/LGI

−0.260 (−0.760; 0.239)

0.306

 

LP/LGI

−0.291 (−0.795; 0.212)

0.256

 

LP/LGI

−0.246 (−0.754; 0.261)

0.341

 
 

LP/HGI

0.315 (−0.193; 0.823)

0.224

 

LP/HGI

0.332 (−0.181; 0.844)

0.204

 

LP/HGI

0.326 (−0.186; 0.837)

0.211

 
 

HP/LGI

−0.833 (−1.310; −0.356)

0.001

 

HP/LGI

−0.804 (−1.287; −0.321)

0.001

 

HP/LGI

−0.808 (−1.289; −0.326)

0.001

 
 

HP/HGI

−0.244 (−0.738; 0.249)

0.331

 

HP/HGI

−0.261 (−0.757; 0.235)

0.302

 

HP/HGI

−0.216 (−0.716; 0.283)

0.395

 
  1. Bold values indicate a p value < 0.05
  2. Triglycerides-glucose index (TyG): TyG1 (basal value; pre-LCD), TyG2 (8 weeks; post-LCD) and the TyG changes for period 1 (ΔTyG1)
  3. Regression coefficients (β); 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and R2
  4. * R2 p-value * < 0.05; ** < 0.001; *** < 0.0001
  5. Highlight: statistical association
  6. †Minimum setting model included (sex, age (years), center, and randomized diet); maximum setting model included (sex, age (years), center, ∆weight1-2 (kg), smoking status (nonsmoker, smoker, former smoker); daily walking time (< 15 min, 15–30 min, > 30 min), alcohol intake (abstemious, throughout the week, at the weekend) and randomized diet
  7. ‡Period 3: Corresponds to the differences between baseline and final parameters encompassing the complete nutritional program (during 34 weeks)
  8. Types of diets: LP/LGI (low protein, low glycemic index diet), LP/HGI (low protein, high glycemic index diet), HP/LGI (high protein, low glycemic index diet), HP/HGI (high protein, high glycemic index diet)