| Control | Low Resveratrol1 | High Resveratrol2 | Low HMB3 | Low Resv/ Low HMB | Low Resv/ High HMB4 | Low Resv/Leucine5 | P -value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight (g) | 40.5 ± 0.5a | 40.8 ± 2.5a | 38.7 ± 1.2a | 40.3 ± 2.1a | 36.2 ± 3.2b | 34.4 ± 1.1b | 38.3 ± 2.3b | p < 0.05 |
Weight gain (g) | 22.4 ± 1.1a | 20.9 ± 1.5a | 22.3 ± 2.4a | 22.5 ± 1.2a | 18.2 ± 1.2b | 19.2 ± 1.0b | 19.2 ± 1.6b | p < 0.01 |
Visceral Adipose Volume (mm 3 ) | 6556 ± 143a | 6551 ± 575a | 6031 ± 323a | 6184 ± 460a | 5302 ± 324b | 4879 ± 243b | 4259 ± 321b | p < 0.01 |
PET palmitate uptake (Muscle SUV) | 1.34 ± 0.15a | 1.51 ± 0.44a | 2.29 ± 0.11b | 1.90 ± 0.29b | 2.09 ± 0.30b | 1.97 ± 0.28b | 1.76 ± 0.09a,b | p < 0.05 |
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (24 hr RER) | 0.850 ± 0.008a | 0.847 ± 0.008a | 0.825 ± 0.007b | 0.844 ± 0.012a | 0.815 ± 007b | 0.818 ± 0.09b | 0.811 ± 0.010b | p < 0.01 |
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (Light Cycle) | 0.822 ± 0.013a | 0.818 ± 0.010a | 0.803 ± 0.009b | 0.826 ± 0.011a | 0.800 ± 0.010b | 0.811 ± 0.009ab | 0.799 ± 0.011b | p < 0.05 |
Respiratory Exchange Ratio (Dark Cycle) | 0.877 ± 0.016a | 0.876 ± 0.013a | 0.847 ± 0.011b | 0.862 ± 0.009a | 0.830 ± 0.012b | 0.825 ± 0.014b | 0.824 ± 0.016b | p < 0.02 |
Heat Production (kcal/h) | 0.521 ± 0.015a | 0.517 ± 0.014a | 0.552 ± 0.015b | 0.526 ± 0.011a | 0.544 ± 0.010b | 0.547 ± 0.009b | 0.550 ± 0.012b | p < 0.05 |
Heat Production (kcal/h/kg weight) | 12.86 ± 0.40 a | 12.67 ± 0.32 a | 14.26 ± 0.38 b | 13.05 ± 0.27 a | 15.03 ± 0.28 b | 15.90 ± 0.23 b | 14.36 ± 0.33 b | P < 0.03 |
24 h Food intake (day 0 of treatment) (g) | 3.291 ± 0.362 | 2.931 ± 0.285 | 3.064 ± 0.406 | 3.524 ± 0.241 | 2.810 ± 0.167 | 3.070 ± 0.319 | 3.174 ± 0.345 | NS |
24 h Food intake (end of 6-weeks) (g) | 3.872 ± 0.346 | 4.065 ± 0.263 | 3.598 ± 0.230 | 3.651 ± 0.331 | 3.720 ± 0.257 | 3.794 ± 0.220 | 3.504 ± 0.280 | NS |