Table 1 Participants’ demographic and risk factors by grade of asymptomatic diverticular disease
All | No diverticular disease | Mild diverticular disease | Advanced diverticular disease | p value (all) | p value advanced versus no diverticular disease | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 308 | N = 185 (60.1%) | N = 76 (24.7%) | N = 47 (15.3%) | |||
Age (years) | 56.4 ± 9.1 | 54.5 ± 8.7 | 57.0 ± 9.2 | 62.9 ± 7.2 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Men | 172 (55.8%) | 102 (55.1%) | 40 (52.6%) | 30 (63.8%) | 0.456 | 0.726 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.0 ± 5.0 | 27.6 ± 5.0 | 27.4 ± 4.3 | 30.5 ± 5.3 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Normal | 89 (28.9%) | 56 (30.3%) | 25 (32.9%) | 8 (17.0%) | 0.004 | 0.007 |
Overweight | 127 (41.2%) | 78 (42.2%) | 35 (46.1%) | 14 (29.8%) | ||
Obese | 92 (29.9%) | 51 (27.6%) | 16 (21.1%) | 25 (53.2%) | ||
Alcohol (g/d) | 18.2 ± 23.9 | 17.8 ± 24.9 | 18.5 ± 23.0 | 19.7 ± 21.2 | 0.879 | 0.623 |
Physical activity | ||||||
Inactive | 122 (39.6%) | 72 (38.9%) | 32 (42.1%) | 18 (38.3%) | 0.874 | 1.000 |
Active | 186 (60.4%) | 113 (61.1%) | 44 (57.9%) | 29 (61.7%) | ||
Smoking | ||||||
Never-smoker | 114 (37.0%) | 72 (38.9%) | 26 (34.2%) | 16 (34.0%) | 0.568 | 0.279 |
Ex-smoker | 135 (43.8%) | 76 (41.1%) | 34 (44.7%) | 25 (53.2%) | ||
Smoker | 59 (19.2%) | 37 (20.0%) | 16 (21.1%) | 6 (12.8%) | ||
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 217.4 ± 36.3 | 212.9 ± 34.9 | 222.1 ± 39.1 | 227.7 ± 35.0 | 0.019 | 0.025 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 62.5 ± 17.8 | 63.0 ± 17.7 | 63.7 ± 19.2 | 58.2 ± 15.3 | 0.199 | 0.196 |
LDL cholesterol (mg(dl) | 139.2 ± 33.5 | 133.9 ± 33.5 | 143.8 ± 33.3 | 152.6 ± 29.8 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 128.2 ± 79.7 | 126.9 ± 88.7 | 120.7 ± 67.4 | 145.2 ± 55.6 | 0.240 | 0.321 |
Vitamin D (ng/ml) | 23.1 ± 11.4 | 22.2 ± 11.5 | 24.8 ± 11.3 | 24.2 ± 10.8 | 0.196 | 0.557 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120.0 ± 16.4 | 117.6 ± 15.6 | 120.5 ± 17.6 | 128.9 ± 14.6 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.8 ± 10.0 | 74.6 ± 9.3 | 73.8 ± 11.3 | 77.5 ± 10.0 | 0.111 | 0.143 |
Antihypertensive medication | 84 (27.3%) | 34 (18.4%) | 24 (31.6%) | 26 (55.3%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Antithrombotic drugs | 20 (6.5%) | 4 (2.2%) | 11 (14.5%) | 5 (10.6%) | < 0.001 | 0.037 |