Fig. 4

Effects of HF diet and exercise on liver weight and hepatic steatosis in all of the groups. A Liver weight (percentage of body weight) and B liver histology by H&E staining (scale bar: 20 μm) and steatosis score in prediabetic model mice. C Liver weight and D liver histology in diabetic model mice. ***p < 0.001 for HF-Sed and HF-Exe vs. Ctrl, ^#p < 0.001 for HF-Exe vs. HF-Sed (B). ***p < 0.001 for diabetic mice vs. Ctrl, **p < 0.01 for diabetic mice vs. Ctrl (D). (a), and (b) represent a significant difference between (Ctrl and HF-Sed) and (HF-Exe and HF-Sed), respectively. All data are shown as means ± SEM, n = 6 per group