Fig. 3

DHM attenuates PA-induced autophagy arrest and oxidative stress in hepatocytes via SIRT3. HepG2 cells were pretreated with 3-TYP (50 μM) or the vehicle for 1 h, followed by the treatment with DHM (20 μM) for 2 h and 0.2 mM of PA for 16 h. A–C Western blotting analysis of P62 and LC3 (A), and the densitometric quantification of P62 (B) and LC3 (C). D, E The intracellular ROS levels were measured by FCM assay (D), and the bar chart showed the quantification (E). F, G The mtROS levels were measured by FCM assay (F), and the bar chart showed the quantification (G). H, I The MMP levels were measured by FCM assay (H) and the bar chart showed the quantification (I). Graphs showed mean ± SEM; n = 3; data were from one experiment out of three. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared between the marked groups; ns no significant difference