Edible red seaweed Campylaephora hypnaeoides J. Agardh alleviates obesity and related metabolic disorders in mice by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory response

Table 1 The effects of C. hypnaeoides on the body weight gain and serum metabolic parameters in C57BL/6 J mice fed a high-fat diet

Variables	Normal	HF	HF + ChL	HF + ChH
Body weight gain	12.3 ± 3.5	24.8 ± 1.9^##	21.6 ± 3.7*	20.4 ± 2.1*
Glucose (mg/dL)	97 ± 13	155 ± 12^##	104 ± 13**	98 ± 15**
Insulin (ng/mL)	0.51 ± 0.14	2.50 ± 0.90^##	0.80 ± 0.32**	0.63 ± 0.05**
HOMA-IR	3.45 ± 1.3	26.9 ± 8.1^##	5.76 ± 2.3**	4.32 ± 0.51**
TC (mg/dL)	98 ± 19	187 ± 8^##	173 ± 27	169 ± 7*
HDL-C (mg/dL)	58 ± 16	70 ± 7	73 ± 3	71 ± 4
TG (mg/dL)	47 ± 16	35 ± 9	39 ± 11	34 ± 6
ALT (IU/L)	24 ± 9	96 ± 27^##	51 ± 35*	52 ± 20**
AST (IU/L)	89 ± 13	130 ± 29^##	111 ± 24	102 ± 19*

HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglyceride, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase
Data were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6–12). Statistical significance: ^##p < 0.01 vs. Normal group, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 versus HF group

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