Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the study participants across tertile categories of Ox intake

Case/total (n)

146/854

199/855

185/855

190/808

182/809

219/809

Age (y)

35.1 ± 12.2

38.3 ± 13.2^a

39.4 ± 13.0^a

36.4 ± 12.8

37.4 ± 12.9

39.3 ± 13.4

Male (%)

41.1

47.5

51.2^*

38.5

43.0

49.6*

Smoking (%)

12.7

11.6

14.9^*

9.1

7.8

11.6

BMI (m²/kg)

26.5 ± 4.8

26.8 ± 4.7

27.3 ± 4.9^a

26.3 ± 4.7

26.6 ± 4.7

27.0 ± 4.8^a

SBP (mm Hg)

106 ± 12.1

108 ± 11.8^a

108 ± 12.4^a

106 ± 12.5

108 ± 11.8^a

109 ± 12.9^a,b

DBP (mm Hg)

70.5 ± 9.1

71.5 ± 8.6^a

71.2 ± 9.1

70.8 ± 9.2

71.5 ± 8.7

71.5 ± 9.1

FPG (mm Hg)

88.9 ± 18.2

90.1 ± 18.5

93.7 ± 27.1^a,b

88.4 ± 17.2

88.9 ± 17.2

91.8 ± 24.7^a,b

Serum TG (mg/dL)

134 ± 86

142 ± 85

146 ± 86^a,b

83.7 ± 2.9

84.8 ± 2.9

81.3 ± 2.8^a

HDL-C (mg/dL)

43.0 ± 10.6

42.3 ± 10.1

42.4 ± 9.9

43.2 ± 10.7

42.8 ± 10.2

42.4 ± 9.8

LDL-C (mg/dL)

111 ± 30.7

113 ± 32.2

117 ± 34.6^a,b

112 ± 31.4

113 ± 32.3

117 ± 35.3^a,b

Serum Cr (mg/dL)

1.02 ± 0.14

1.03 ± 0.13^a

1.04 ± 0.14^a

1.01 ± 0.14

1.03 ± 0.14

1.04 ± 0.14^a

eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)

81.3 ± 11.9

80.2 ± 12.1^a

79.6 ± 12.0^a

81.7 ± 11.5

81.2 ± 12.1

80.3 ± 12.1^a

T2DM (%)

5.6

5.5

7.7

5.1

4.3

5.3

Total Ox^† (mg/d)

117 (97.7–133)

182 (164–198)

278 (246–339)

115 (95–131)

180 (163–197)

278 (245–340)