Fig. 4
From: Curcumin improves insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-fed mice through gut microbiota
Curcumin improves HFD-induced insulin resistance through gut microbiota. A–C Western blotting analysis (left panel) of phosphorylated Akt and total Akt in liver, adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle (SKM) extracts from curcumin- and vehicle-treated HFD-fed mice (A), vehicle- and curcumin-treated HFD-fed mice after antibiotic treatment (B) and endogenous gut microbiota-depleted mice colonized with the microbiota harvested from curcumin- and vehicle-treated HFD-fed mice (C) with or without insulin stimulation for 30 min. Right panel shows the result of densitometric analyses. Numerical data are shown as the mean ± SEM. ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 for HFD-Con- insulin versus HFD-CC-insulin or FMT-Con-insulin versus FMT-CC-insulin