The association of serum betaine concentrations with the risk of new-onset cancers: results from two independent nested case-control studies

Table 2 The relationship between the concentration of betaine and the risk of total cancer and subtypes for the HHPCP cohort

Betaine (µg/mL)	Cases/controls	Crude model	p value	Adjusted model	p value
Betaine (µg/mL)	Cases/controls	OR (95%CI)	p value	OR (95%CI)	p value
Total cancer	1391/1391	1.02(0.99,1.06)	0.071	1.03(0.99,1.07)	0.097
Lung cancer	361/361	1.04 (0.97,1.10)	0.261	1.03(0.96, 1.10)	0.361
Digestive cancer	544/544	1.05 (1.00,1.11)	0.073	1.07(1.01, 1.13)	0.025
Esophagus cancer	20/20	0.85 (0.69,1.06)	0.125	0.90 (0.67,1.22)	0.499
Gastric cancer	165/165	1.09 (0.99,1.20)	0.072	1.11 (0.99, 1.24)	0.068
Hepatic-biliary cancer	126/126	1.12 (1.00,1.26)	0.044	1.16 (1.02, 1.33)	0.021
Pancreatic cancer	52/52	0.90 (0.73,1.11)	0.319	0.85 (0.65, 1.11)	0.238
Colorectal cancer	181/181	1.05 (0.96,1.15)	0.323	1.08 (0.98, 1.19)	0.139
Breast cancer	86/86	0.98 (0.84,1.16)	0.840	1.00 (0.83,1.17)	0.886
Gynecologic cancer	47/47	0.95 (0.74,1.22)	0.674	0.99 (0.75,1.32)	0.983
Genitourinary cancer	130/130	0.95 (0.74,1.22)	0.674	0.99 (0.75,1.32)	0.983
Prostate cancer	59/59	0.94 (0.78,1.15)	0.561	0.94 (0.75,1.17)	0.563
Bladder cancer	41/41	1.08 (0.89,1.31)	0.460	1.10 (0.88,1.39)	0.393
Kidney cancer	30/30	0.92 (0.71,1.19)	0.513	0.82 (0.57,1.17)	0.271
Other cancer	223/223	0.96 (0.86,1.06)	0.376	0.94 (0.85,1.05)	0.302

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratios; CI, confidence intervals. Adjusted for age, BMI, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of cancer, diabetes, folate, homocysteine, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and MTHFR C677T.

ISSN: 1743-7075