The association of serum betaine concentrations with the risk of new-onset cancers: results from two independent nested case-control studies

Table 3 The relationship between the concentration of betaine and the risk of digestive cancer in the HHCPC cohort

Betaine (µg/mL)	Cases/controls	Crude model	p value	Adjusted model	p value
Betaine (µg/mL)	Cases/controls	OR (95%CI)	p value	OR (95%CI)	p value
Betaine < 5.01
Continuous	158/176	0.84 (0.62,1.13)	0.243	0.82(0.59,1.14)	0.228
Quartiles
Quartile 1 (< 3.68)	44/39	Reference		Reference
Quartile 2 (3.68–4.25)	40/45	0.85 (0.46,1.55)	0.588	0.81 (0.43,1.56)	0.538
Quartile 3 (4.25–4.63)	40/44	0.81 (0.44,1.48)	0.486	0.69 (0.35,1.35)	0.281
Quartile 4 (4.63–5.01)	34/48	0.65 (0.35,1.19)	0.165	0.68 (0.35,1.33)	0.261
P for trend			0.578
Betaine ≥ 5.01
Continuous	386/371	1.06 (0.99,1.14)	0.088	1.08(1.01,1.17)	0.036
Quartiles
Quartile 1 (5.01–5.86)	84/105	Reference		Reference
Quartile 2 (5.86–6.73)	105/85	1.58 (1.05,2.37)	0.028	1.57 (1.03,2.40)	0.035
Quartile 3 (6.73–8.10)	98/91	1.36 (0.91,2.04)	0.137	1.48 (0.97,2.25)	0.071
Quartile 4 (≥ 8.10)	99/90	1.39 (0.93,2.08)	0.112	1.51 (0.98,2.33)	0.062
P for trend			0.152

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratios; CI, confidence intervals. Adjusted for age, BMI, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of cancer, diabetes, folate, homocysteine, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and MTHFR C677T.

ISSN: 1743-7075