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Table 2 Basic parameters and biochemical markers measured in ApoE−/− mice

From: Amelioration of Atherosclerosis by lycopene is linked to the modulation of gut microbiota dysbiosis and related gut-heart axis activation in high-fat diet-fed ApoE−/− mice

  

Group

 

Control

HFD

HFD + LY

Basic parameters

Food intake (g/d)

Initial body weight (g)

Final body weight (g)

Body weight gain (g)

4.00 ± 0.03

22.46 ± 0.99

31.95 ± 1.49

9.49 ± 1.63

4.02 ± 0.12

21.94 ± 0.87

33.59 ± 3.34

11.65 ± 3.39

4.01 ± 0.06

21.95 ± 1.02

30.76 ± 3.97

8.81 ± 3.73

Heart (standardize to body mass)

0.37 ± 0.32

0.34 ± 0.33

0.38 ± 0.33

Aorta (standardize to body mass)

0.54 ± 0.38

0.45 ± 0.32

0.61 ± 0.32

 

TC (mmol/L)

11.18 ± 3.53c

40.06 ± 9.49c

25.39 ± 4.27c

TG (mmol/L)

1.11 ± 0.46

2.91 ± 0.83a

2.57 ± 1.15

LDL-C (mmol/L)

21.3 ± 2.82

39.3 ± 3.07a

22.61 ± 2.05b

HDL-C (mmol/L)

14.43 ± 1.21c

4.84 ± 1.33c

10.69 ± 1.01c

Serum biochemical marker

TNF-α(pg/ml)

60.23 ± 11.87

85.04 ± 33.34a

41.00 ± 9.89b

 

MCP-1(pg/ml)

93.37 ± 16.87

114.87 ± 20.63a

97.87 ± 8.52b

 

IL-6(pg/ml)

56.38 ± 11.35

93.82 ± 32.34a

71.00 ± 15.85b

 

IL-1β(pg/ml)

65.23 ± 11.84

87.61 ± 24.89a

66.02 ± 7.56b

  1. Results are mean ± SD, n = 8 per group. One-Way ANOVA statistical method is used for calculation, and LSD and SNK methods are used for inter-group comparison.
  2. Control, low-fat diet; HFD, high-fat diet; HFD + LY, high-fat diet supplemented with lycopene.
  3. a means p < 0.05 vs. Control group; b means p < 0.05 vs. HFD group; c means p < 0.05 among three group.
  4. TC, total cholesterol; TG, total triglycerides;
  5. LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol;
  6. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1;
  7. IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-1β, interleukin-1β, LY, lycopene.