Fig. 3

D-mannose synergizes with BSO to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. (A) Relative levels of NADPH in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with or without D-mannose. Values are means ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. Statistical differences were determined by t-test. ****p < 0.0001. (B) Colony formation assay of the control and D-mannose treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Values are means ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. Statistical differences were determined by t-test. ****p < 0.0001. (C) Cell proliferation assay of the control and D-mannose treated MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-7 cells. Values are means ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. Statistical differences were determined by t-test. ****p < 0.0001. (D) Relative survival of MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-7 cells under the indicated treatments for 48 h. Values are means ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. Statistical differences were determined by t-test. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. (E) Relative survival of MDA-MB-231 cells and MCF-7 cells under the indicated treatments for 48 h. Values are means ± SD from n = 3 independent experiments. Statistical differences were determined by t-test. *** p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001