Fig. 1
Coenzyme Q10 treatment reversed the HFD-induced suppression of adipose browning factors in the aortic PVAT. A Schematic illustration of the study design to evaluate high fructose diet (HFD)-induced metabolic changes. The special diet was started at 8 weeks old for 3 months. The metabolic indices were measured before and at the end of the special diet at 8 and 20 weeks of age. Coenzyme Q10 was applied to drinking water (10 mg/100 mL) for 4 weeks from 16 to 20 weeks of age. Then, B plasma adiponectin, C representative gel and densitometric analyses of intracellular UCP1, (D) the representative images of Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining, and E representative images of UCP1 (red) in aortic PVAT at the age of 20 weeks. Values are the mean ± SEM, n = 14 for each group. *P < 0.05 versus the ND group and ##P < 0.01 versus the HFD group in the post hoc Tukey’s multiple range test. ND: regular diet, HFD, high fructose diet, HFD + Q, HFD with coenzyme Q10. DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, a blue-fluorescent nuclear stain. PVAT, aortic perivascular adipose tissue, UCP, uncoupling protein, β-actin as the internal control of Western blot analyses. Scale bars: 100 μm (Fig. 1D, upper panel), 50 μm (D, lower panel), 10 μm (E)