Fig. 1
Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by oxyresveratrol (OR) at non-cytotoxic concentrations. (a) Structure of OR. (b) RAW 264.7 cells were treated with OR for 3 days and subjected to MTT assay. Data represent percentages versus control (CTL). Ordinary one-way ANOVA; Dunnett’s multiple comparisons; n = 3; *** p < 0.001. (c) TRAP staining and the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated RAW 264.7 cells. Cells were seeded at 5 × 104/mL in a 96-well plate and cultured for 3 days in the presence of OR (10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM). RANKL induced the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated RAW 264.7 cells. Original magnification, × 200. (d) ROC number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. (e) TRAP activity of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. Data are percentages versus RANKL. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, n = 3. Error bars, standard deviations. OR, oxyresveratrol; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; ROC, round osteoclast