Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants (n = 2050)
Baseline characteristics | Total (n = 2050) | Tertile of UPFs | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 (n = 683) | Q2 (n = 684) | Q3 (n = 683) | |||
Age (year) | 46.28 (11.34) | 51.65 (11.46) | 44.90 (10.69) | 42.29 (9.67) |  < 0.001 |
Male (%)# | 46.0 | 33.8 | 45.2 | 59.0 |  < 0.001 |
BMI | 28.08 (4.62) | 28.22 (4.64) | 27.90 (4.59) | 28.12 (4.64) | 0.42 |
WC (cm) | 92.99 (11.98) | 92.98 (11.73) | 92.24 (11.94) | 93.74 (12.22) | 0.07 |
HTN (%)# | 16.9 | 24.5 | 14.3 | 11.9 |  < 0.001 |
SBP | 114.77 (17.72) | 118.61 (19.83) | 113.55 (17.05) | 112.15 (15.35) |  < 0.001 |
DBP | 75.27 (10.81) | 75.71 (11.24) | 75.24 (10.56) | 74.86 (10.62) | 0.35 |
Serum cholesterol | 195.39 (37.90) | 198.79 (39.51) | 194.88 (38.57) | 192.51 (35.27) | 0.008 |
Diabetes (%)# | 9.2 | 17.6 | 5.6 | 4.4 |  < 0.001 |
Fasting serum glucose (mg/dL) | 94.97 (25.95) | 100.56 (32.93) | 92.40 (19.78) | 91.97 (22.38) |  < 0.001 |
Current smoking (%)# | 13.7 | 8.1 | 13.0 | 20.1 |  < 0.001 |
Physical activity* (MET-hours/week) | 15.8 (4.2–39.6) | 17.0 (5.5–36.7) | 15.8 (3.9–38.2) | 15.8 (3.7–47.0) | 0.06 |
TG to HDL ratio | 4.23 (3.30) | 4.18 (3.14) | 4.20 (3.59) | 4.30 (3.15) | 0.79 |