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Table 2 Associations between tissue-specific and whole-body insulin sensitivity and body composition at baseline

From: Body composition and body fat distribution in tissue-specific insulin resistance and in response to a 12-week isocaloric dietary macronutrient intervention

   

Model 1:

Crude

Model 2:

Adj. for age and sex

Model 3:

Adj. for age, sex, body weight*

Model 4:

Adj. for age, sex, body weight*, MISI/HIRI

   

β (95%CI)

P-value

β (95%CI)

P-value

β (95%CI)

P-value

β (95%CI)

P-value

HIRI

Body weight (kg)

 

0.17 (0.07; 0.27)

0.001

0.21 (0.10; 0.32)

< 0.001

  

0.21 (0.09; 0.33)

0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

 

0.24 (0.15; 0.34)

< 0.001

0.25 (0.15; 0.34)

< 0.001

0.27 (0.10; 0.43)

0.002

0.22 (0.05; 0.39)

0.014

Body fat (%)

 

0.00 (-0.11; 0.11)

0.970

0.03 (-0.18; 0.23)

0.795

  

0.00 (-0.19; 0.20)

0.974

Fat ratio (%)

 

0.07 (-0.04; 0.17)

0.230

0.16 (-0.01; 0.33)

0.064

  

0.10 (-0.04; 0.24)

0.157

VAT (L)

 

0.16 (0.06; 0.27)

0.002

0.27 (0.14; 0.40)

< 0.001

0.18 (0.04; 0.33)

0.016

0.16 (0.01; 0.31)

0.042

aSAT (L)

 

0.06 (-0.08; 0.20)

0.374

0.14 (0.00; 0.28)

0.051

-0.13 (-0.33; 0.07)

0.193

-0.14 (-0.33; 0.06)

0.159

Muscle fat (%)

 

0.03 (-0.08; 0.14)

0.599

0.04 (-0.09; 0.16)

0.577

-0.06 (-0.18; 0.07)

0.346

-0.06 (-0.18; 0.06)

0.350

Liver fat (%)

 

0.16 (0.05; 0.26)

0.003

0.16 (0.05; 0.26)

0.003

0.12 (0.01; 0.22)

0.028

0.12 (0.01; 0.22)

0.029

Abdominal AT index (L/m2)

 

0.12 (0.01; 0.22)

0.032

0.15 (0.04; 0.27)

0.012

  

0.13 (0.01; 0.25)

0.028

Weight-to-muscle (ratio)

 

0.04 (-0.07; 0.14)

0.500

0.10 (-0.07; 0.26)

0.243

  

0.07 (-0.09; 0.22)

0.401

Muscle volume (L)

 

0.06 (-0.05; 0.17)

0.256

0.21 (0.01; 0.41)

0.038

0.05 (-0.17; 0.27)

0.643

0.08 (-0.13; 0.29)

0.471

Muscle volume (Z-score)

 

-0.07 (-0.26; 0.11)

0.420

-0.07 (-0.22; 0.07)

0.312

  

-0.04 (-0.18; 0.10)

0.536

MISI

Body weight (kg)

 

-0.01 (-0.14; 0.12)

0.930

-0.02 (-0.18; 0.14)

0.818

  

0.07 (-0.09; 0.22)

0.402

Waist circumference (cm)

 

-0.10 (-0.23; 0.03)

0.118

-0.14 (-0.29; 0.01)

0.062

-0.30 (-0.52; -0.08)

0.009

-0.21 (-0.44; 0.01)

0.063

Body fat (%)

 

-0.02 (-0.16; 0.11)

0.725

-0.07 (-0.31; 0.18)

0.591

  

-0.05 (-0.28; 0.19)

0.700

Fat ratio (%)

 

-0.08 (-0.21; 0.06)

0.260

-0.12 (-0.30; 0.05)

0.160

  

-0.08 (-0.25; 0.09)

0.351

VAT (L)

 

-0.10 (-0.23; 0.03)

0.115

-0.18 (-0.35; -0.01)

0.034

-0.23 (-0.43; -0.04)

0.018

-0.17 (-0.37; 0.02)

0.073

aSAT (L)

 

-0.03 (-0.16; 0.11)

0.690

-0.03 (-0.22; 0.13)

0.610

-0.08 (-0.34; 0.19)

0.560

-0.13 (-0.38; 0.12)

0.292

Muscle fat (%)

Women

-0.18 (-0.38; 0.02)

0.070

-0.20 (-0.42; 0.02)

0.067

-0.19 (-0.42; 0.05)

0.115

-0.27 (-0.48; -0.05)

0.016

Men

0.13 (-0.08; 0.34)

0.228

0.34 (-0.09; 0.34)

0.234

0.11 (-0.13; 0.35)

0.343

0.10 (-0.13; 0.33)

0.396

Liver fat (%)

 

-0.14 (-0.27; -0.01)

0.040

-0.14 (-0.27; -0.01)

0.042

-0.15 (-0.28; -0.01)

0.041

-0.09 (-0.23; 0.05)

0.210

Abdominal AT index (L/m2)

 

0.04 (-0.22; 0.04)

0.166

0.17 (-0.26; 0.03)

0.132

  

-0.19 (-0.38; 0.00)

0.045

Weight-to-muscle (ratio)

 

-0.06 (-0.19; 0.07)

0.348

0.35 (-0.32; 0.07)

0.204

0.04 (-0.09; 0.17)

0.498

-0.09 (-0.28; 0.10)

0.342

Muscle volume (L)

 

0.50 (-0.12; 0.38)

0.294

0.18 (-0.10; 0.46)

0.205

0.18 (-0.10; 0.46)

0.205

0.19 (-0.08; 0.45)

0.159

Muscle volume (Z-score)

 

0.12 (-0.03; 0.26)

0.113

0.11 (-0.05; 0.24)

0.210

  

0.06 (-0.07; 0.19)

0.340

Matsuda index

Body weight (kg)

 

-0.12 (-0.22; -0.02)

0.023

-0.17 (-0.29; -0.06)

0.004

    

Waist circumference (cm)

 

-0.23 (-0.33; -0.14)

< 0.001

-0.27 (-0.38; -0.17)

< 0.001

-0.33 (-0.49; -0.18)

< 0.001

  

Body fat (%)

 

0.01 (-0.10; 0.11)

0.905

-0.18 (-0.37; 0.01)

0.057

    

Fat ratio (%)

 

-0.10 (-0.20; 0.00)

0.054

-0.25 (-0.38; -0.13)

< 0.001

    

VAT (L)

 

-0.26 (-0.34; -0.17)

< 0.001

-0.36 (-0.47; -0.25)

< 0.001

-0.36 (-0.48; -0.23)

< 0.001

  

aSAT (L)

 

-0.03 (-0.14; 0.07)

0.522

-0.16 (-0.28; -0.03)

0.019

-0.02 (-0.21; 0.18)

0.862

  

Muscle fat (%)

 

-0.08 (-0.18; 0.03)

0.135

-0.11 (-0.23; 0.00)

0.058

-0.05 (-0.17; 0.07)

0.382

  

Liver fat (%)

 

-0.26 (-0.35; -0.17)

< 0.001

-0.26 (-0.35; -0.17)

< 0.001

-0.24 (-0.33; -0.14)

< 0.001

  

Abdominal AT index (L/m2)

 

-0.16 (-0.26; -0.06)

0.002

-0.24 (-0.35; -0.14)

< 0.001

    

Weight-to-muscle (ratio)

 

-0.05 (-0.16; 0.05)

0.317

-0.21 (-0.36; -0.07)

0.005

    

Muscle volume (L)

 

-0.03 (-0.13; 0.08)

0.611

0.02 (-0.18; 0.21)

0.847

0.19 (-0.01; 0.4)

0.065

  

Muscle volume (Z-score)

 

0.11 (-0.02; 0.25)

0.101

0.08 (-0.05; 0.21)

0.227

    
  1. * Variables that are expressed relative to body size (body fat, fat ratio, abdominal AT index, weight-to-muscle ratio, muscle volume Z-score) were not adjusted for body weight in model 3 and 4.
  2. Data are reported as β (95% confidence interval (CI)). In case of significant sex interaction, data are reported separately for women and men. Significant P-values (< 0.05) are highlighted in bold. Adj, adjusted; aSAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue; AT, adipose tissue; HIRI, hepatic insulin resistance index; MISI, muscle insulin sensitivity index; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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