Table 3 Summary of the effects of alcohol on performance
From: The effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol, and tetrahydrocannabinol on exercise performance
Alcohol | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
WADA status: alcohol is prohibited by WADA in competition only. The doping violation threshold is 0.10 g/L. As of 2013, alcohol is banned in the following sports: aeronautics (FAI), archery (FITA), automobile (FIA), karate (WKF), motorcycling (FIM) and powerboating (UIM) | ||||
Acute effect | Chronic effect | Effect on performance | EtOH Dose | Reference |
Reduced left ventricular contractility | Increased left ventricular dimensions and worsened left ventricular dysfunction | Negative effects on cardiac output | 1.15 g/kg body weight | Delgado et al. [149] |
No mechanism proposed; decreased performance possibly due to reduced myocardial contractility and reduced lung ventilation |  | Increased 800 m-1500 m run times | 0.05 – 0.1 mg/mL blood alcohol concentration | McNaughton et al. [140] |
Hypoglycemia at 60-minute time-point | Â | Reduced 60-min, treadmill time-trial performance | 25 ml in 150 ml grapefruit juice | Kendrick et al. [141] |
No mechanism proposed. | Â | Reductions in sustained power output during cycling times trials. | 0.5 ml/kg FFM | Lecoulre et al. [142] |