Table 4 Primary and secondary outcomes comparison between groups at baseline and after 21 days on the prescribed diets

129 (111; 149)

95 (91; 100)

34 (21; 44)

26.2 (18.7; 34.1)

126 (112; 150)

110 (99; 115)

22.8 (8.1; 44.6)

16.9 (6.9; 30.1)

0.073

134 (112; 179)

100 (94; 106)

34 (18; 75.5)

23.1 (15.9; 42.9)

144 (128; 210)

127 (108; 151)

15.3 (−1.6; 58.6)

8.7 (−1.9; 50.3)

0.035

6.7 (6.2; 7.7)

6.3 (5.9; 7)

0.4 (0.2; 0.6)

6.2 (3.3; 8.3)

6.8 (6.4; 7.1)

6.6 (6.2; 7)

0.2 (0.1; 0.4)

2.2 (1.5; 5)

0.002

3.1 (1.2; 4.1)

0.98 (0.61; 1.98)

1.3 (0.1; 2.9)

51.4 (11.7; 78.3)

3.3 (0.9; 4.6)

1.6 (1.2; 2.4)

1.4 (−0.2; 2.3)

40.4 (−21.9; 62)

0.142

176 (155; 217)

120 (102; 138)

57 (40; 65)

32 (23.8; 38.6)

180.5 (150.2; 210.8)

154 (133; 185)

24 (16; 43)

12.3 (9.9; 23)

< 0.001

102 (84; 133)

62 (39; 69)

45 (33; 58)

47.9 (33.5; 53.6)

101.5 (84.8; 123.5)

81 (66; 105)

20 (12.3; 31.3)

19.7 (13.5; 27.8)

< 0.001

46 (38; 52)

42 (36; 51)

4 (−1; 8)

7.5 (−2.2; 17.1)

48.5 (43; 55.8)

47 (40; 56)

0.5 (−2; 6.8)

0.9 (−4.4; 11.5)

0.283

2.4 (2; 3)

1.3 (0.9; 2.4)

0.9 (0.5; 1.3)

38.5 (29.3; 49.9)

2 (1.8; 2.6)

1.8 (1.3; 2.4)

0.4 (0.1; 0.7)

17.2 (5.9; 29.5)

< 0.001

31.3 (29.9; 36.8)

29.5 (28.2; 34.6)

2 (1.8; 2.4)

5.9 (5.4; 6.9)

32 (28.2; 35.9)

30.8 (27.3; 34.6)

1 (0.7; 1.3)

2.9 (2.4; 4.1)

< 0.001

81.1 (75.6; 99.1)

77 (70; 94)

5.5 (4.4; 6)

6.3 (5.6; 7.2)

87 (79; 103.9)

83 (75; 100)

2.8 (2; 3.6)

2.9 (2.4; 4.2)

< 0.001

107.6 (97.9; 114.7)

103 (96; 112)

4.2 (1.4; 6.5)

3.9 (1.6; 5.3)

105.2 (101.6; 117.5)

103 (101; 113)

2.3 (0.9; 4)

1.9 (0.9; 2.9)

0.046

108.7 (102.5; 23.8)

105 (99; 120)

3.4 (2; 5.2)

3.1 (1.8; 4)

109.7 (102.6; 118.4)

108 (101; 118.4)

1.8 (1; 2.5)

1.6 (0.8; 2.4)

0.006