Table 2 Comparison of average daily intake (excluding supplements) of energy, fat and specific fatty acids between the Mediterranean Diet (MD) group and the Control Diet (CD) group. The dietary intake is based on the diet history interviews performed between study weeks seven and twelve.
MD group (n = 17) | CD group (n = 17) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
Energy (MJ) | 8.8 ± 1.6 | 9.8 ± 3.2 | p = 0.242 |
Fat (g) | 60.4 ± 21.9 | 89.3 ± 33.1 | p = 0.005 |
Total saturated fatty acids (g) | 18.3 ± 8.2 | 40.5 ± 18.3 | p < 0.001 |
Total monounsaturated fatty acids (g) | 25.3 ± 10.5 | 31.9 ± 11.1 | p = 0.088 |
Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (g) | 11.8 ± 3.9 | 10.6 ± 3.5 | p = 0.381 |
Total n-6 fatty acids (g)† | 7.9 ± 2.5 | 8.2 ± 2.7 | p = 0.743 |
Total n-3 fatty acids (g)‡ | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 2.0 ± 0.9 | p = 0.008 |
Ratio n-6:n-3 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 4.4 ± 0.9 | p < 0.001 |
Fat (E%§) | 25.0 ± 5.3 | 33.7 ± 5.6 | p < 0.001 |
Total saturated fatty acids (E%) | 7.5 ± 2.4 | 15.0 ± 3.7 | p < 0.001 |
Total monounsaturated fatty acids (E%) | 10.5 ± 2.8 | 12.2 ± 2.2 | p = 0.067 |
Total polyunsaturated fatty acids (E%) | 5.0 ± 1.1 | 4.1 ± 1.1 | p = 0.028¶ |
Fatty acids (g): | |||
4:0–10:0 | 0.77(0.32–1.59) | 3.51(1.72–4.79) | p < 0.001 |
12:0 | 0.44(0.28–0.93) | 1.67(0.93–2.56) | p < 0.001 |
14:0 | 1.81(1.07–2.90) | 4.68(2.79–6.19) | p < 0.001 |
16:0 | 9.46(7.29–13.29) | 18.54(14.98–26.00) | p < 0.001 |
18:0 | 2.80(1.99–4.34) | 6.85(5.94–9.97) | p < 0.001 |
20:0 | 0.14(0.10–0.19) | 0.19(0.16–0.38) | p = 0.016 |
16:1n-7 | 0.95(0.70–1.22) | 1.25(1.05–1.84) | p = 0.014 |
18:1n-9 | 20.50(14.98–28.05) | 27.55(21.52–35.67) | p = 0.049 |
18:2n-6 | 7.42(5.80–9.46) | 7.90(5.78–9.77) | p = 0.892 |
18:3n-3 | 1.79(1.23–2.36) | 1.42(1.09–2.09) | p = 0.454 |
20:4n-6 | 0.08(0.05–0.10) | 0.08(0.04–0.13) | p = 0.708 |
20:5n-3 | 0.35(0.23–0.59) | 0.11(0.06–0.18) | p < 0.001 |
22:5, n-3 and n-6 | 0.07(0.05–0.11) | 0.02(0.01–0.05) | p = 0.001 |
22:6n-3 | 0.73(0.44–1.03) | 0.21(0.12–0.30) | p < 0.001 |