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Table 1 Demographic and Anthropometric Characteristics*

From: Greater lean tissue and skeletal muscle mass are associated with higher bone mineral content in children

 

Subjects from Study 1

Subjects from Study 2

 

6 to 18 years

7 to 11 years

 

Male (n = 83)

Female (n = 59)

Male (n = 20)

Female (n = 13)

Age (yr)

12.0 ± 3.7

11.6 ± 3.6

8.8 ± 1.3

8.2 ± 1.0

Height (cm)

154.1 ± 19.9

149.1 ± 14.0

136.2 ± 8.7

129.1 ± 8.4†

Weight (kg)

51.5 ± 21.2

47.7 ± 17.6

34.5 ± 10.0

30.1 ± 10.4

FM DXA + FFM DXA

51.1 ± 21.4

46.9 ± 17.6

33.7 ± 9.9

29.3 ± 10.4

BMI Percentile

67.5 ± 26.7

66.4 ± 28.8

64.7 ± 32.0

65.7 ± 22.2

Race/Ethnicity: n (%)

    

   White

12 (14)

8 (13)

4 (20)

1 (8)

   Black

31 (37)

27 (46)

5 (25)

5 (38)

   Hispanic

28 (34)

20 (34)

7 (35)

1 (8)

   Asian

3 (4)

1 (2)

4 (20)

6 (46)

   Other

9 (11)

3 (5)

0

0

FM DXA (kg)

11.8 ± 9.3

15.3 ± 10.1†

8.8 ± 6.3

8.5 ± 5.8

AT MRI (kg)

12.4 ± 8.2

15.3 ± 9.3

10.0 ± 5.8

9.0 ± 5.6

BMC DXA (kg)

2.0 ± 0.9

1.8 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.3

1.0 ± 0.3†

FFM DXA (kg)

39.3 ± 15.3

31.7 ± 8.9†

24.9 ± 4.5

20.8 ± 4.9†

nbLBM DXA (kg)

37.3 ± 14.4

29.9 ± 8.3†

23.7 ± 4.3

19.8 ± 4.7†

SMM DXA (kg)

18.3 ± 8.4

14.3 ± 4.8†

10.4 ± 2.7

8.6 ± 2.4

SMM MRI (kg)

18.3 ± 8.9

14.4 ± 5.1†

9.9 ± 2.7

8.3 ± 2.8

  1. *Subjects from Study 1 are those whose data were used to develop the prediction equations by Kim et al. All values are Mean ± SD. nbLBMDXA is total non-bone lean body mass measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), SMMDXA is skeletal muscle mass estimated using DXA derived non-bone appendicular lean soft tissue (from the arms and legs) using the pediatric prediction equation developed by Kim et al., 2006, and SMMMRI is skeletal muscle mass measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Bone mineral content (BMCDXA), Fat Mass (FMDXA), and Fat-Free Mass (FFMDXA) are measured by DXA. Adipose tissue (AT) is measured by MRI scan. BMI is the body mass index (weight in kg/height in m2) †Significant differences between boys and girls were found in the two study samples (p < 0.05).