Dietary total antioxidant capacity is inversely related to central adiposity as well as to metabolic and oxidative stress markers in healthy young adults

Table 1 Anthropometric, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics, according to tertiles (T) of energy-adjusted dietary TAC (n = 266)

	Energy-adj. dietary TAC (mmol/d)
	T1 (< 1.6)	T2 (1.6-5.9)	T3 (≥ 5.9)	P -value ^a
Participants (n)	86	90	90
Men (n, %)	34 (39.5)^b	35 (38.8)	34 (37.8)	0.994
Age (y)	21 ± 3^e	22 ± 3	23 ± 4	0.031
Body mass index (kg/m²)	21.8 ± 3.1	22.5 ± 2.6	21.9 ± 2.4	0.201
Waist circumference (cm)	76.1 ± 9.0^e	75.5 ± 8.1	72.9 ± 7.6	0.027
Overweight/ Obesity (n, %)^c	11 (33.3)	13 (39.5)	9 (27.3)	0.731
Mild central obesity (n, %)^d	12 (14.0)	12 (13.3)	2 (2.2)	0.014
Physical activity practice (n, %)	47 (54.6)	54 (60.0)	60 (66.7)	0.087
METs (h/ week)	32 (18;59)^e	40 (20; 85)	98 (43;186)	0.037
Former/ Current smoker (n, %)	14 (16.9)	24 (26.7)	26 (28.9)	0.106
Vitamin supplement use (n, %)	10 (11.6)	23 (25.5)	28 (31.1)	0.031
Hypercholesterolaemia (n, %)	13 (39.4)	8 (24.2)	12 (36.4)	0.132
Systolic BP (mmHg)	110 ± 9	113 ± 11	112 ± 10	0.081
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	72 ± 8^e	69 ± 9	66 ± 8	< 0.001

^aP-value from one-factor ANOVA test or χ² test, for continuous or categorical variables, respectively. Non-normally distributed variables were log-transformation before analyses.
^bContinuous variables are presented as mean ± SD or median (interquartile interval), while categorical variables are presented as number of the participants (percentages).
^cOverweight/Obesity occurrence, according to BMI values (≥ 25 and ≥ 30 kg/ m², respectively).
^dMild central obesity occurrence, according to waist circumference values (≥ 80 and ≥ 94 cm for women and men, respectively).
^eP < 0.05, T1 vs. T3; from the post hoc Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons.
TAC, total antioxidant capacity; MET, metabolic equivalent index; BP, blood pressure.

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