Figure 1

The ex-vivo/in-vitro Approach. 20 overweight or obese subjects were fed a low (soy) or high dairy diet for 28 days in a cross-over design. Blood from each intervention period was drawn at start (day 0), at day 7 and at the end (day 28) to provide serum to utilize in cell studies. The serum reflected the integrated systemic response to the diets and was then added to culture medium (as serum conditioned medium) to treat cultured human adipocytes and muscle cells, separately and in co-culture, for 48 hours in order to assess the integrated effects of dairy feeding on SIRT1 activation in two key target tissues.