Skip to main content

Table 2 Identification of PBMC metabolites at baseline and 12-week follow-up

From: Replacing carbohydrate with protein and fat in prediabetes or type-2 diabetes: greater effect on metabolites in PBMC than plasma

Metabolite

Formula [M + H]+

Exact mass (M + H)

Normalized peak intensity

Variable important in the projection

Control group (n = 40)

Whole-grain group (n = 40)

Baseline vs. follow-up

12-weeks

Baseline

Follow-up

Baseline

Follow-up

Control

Whole-grain

Control vs. whole-grain

Cyclopentanone dimethylhydrazone

C7H14N2

127.1235

82,551 ± 21,507

101,931 ± 26,693*

43,192 ± 11,728

51,504 ± 14,505*

0.0722

0.1523

1.0119

L-Pyroglutamic acid

C5H7NO3

130.0504

2,410,045 ± 108,001

2,075,511 ± 48,362*

2,455,521 ± 70,667

2,484,381 ± 103,907††

0.1241

3.9771

2.6550

L-Leucine

C6H13NO2

132.1025

7,884,178 ± 309,297

7,922,462 ± 251,819

8,253,845 ± 170,803

7,531,331 ± 171,144**

1.8209

3.1661

5.0363

Change

  

38,283 ± 198,486

−722,514 ± 145,341‡

   

L-Phenylalanine

C9H11NO2

166.0868

2,880,509 ± 113,266

2,755,872 ± 75,646

2,825,355 ± 101,371

2,761,323 ± 56,360

0.5962

0.6567

1.1474

Dihydrobiopterin

C9H13N5O3

239.1018

432,360 ± 23,845

335,279 ± 14,924***

427,487 ± 16,797

383,280 ± 15,727*

0.4537

1.2616

0.4680

Palmitic amide

C16H33NO

256.2640

354,492 ± 50,930

330,909 ± 44,809

490,272 ± 84,177

172,851 ± 26,551**,†

2.7281

0.1468

2.0394

Ribothymidine

C10H14N2O6

258.0930

302,320 ± 22,108

239,902 ± 12,851**

322,971 ± 16,498

311,114 ± 19,898†

0.0730

0.5966

1.3107

Oleamide

C18H35NO

282.2797

2,676,408 ± 412,881

3,257,688 ± 511,380

3,697,245 ± 621,193

1,491,246 ± 235,475*,†

18.4793

8.3202

22.5845

Change

  

581,279 ± 634,410

−2,205,998 ± 651,404‡

   

LysoPC(16:0)

C24H50NO7P

496.3403

414,438 ± 44,544

645,199 ± 57,544*

549,155 ± 59,016

383,399 ± 35,718*,††

2.7864

2.8925

3.5066

Change

  

230,762 ± 72,860

−165,756 ± 63,955‡‡

   

LysoPC(18:0)

C26H54NO7P

524.3716

285,044 ± 26,648

423,718 ± 34,129**

364,186 ± 33,732

262,585 ± 23,409*,††

1.5197

1.7796

2.0579

Change

  

138,674 ± 40,222

−101,601 ± 42,602‡‡

   
  1. Mean ± SEM. * q < 0.05, ** q < 0.01, *** q < 0.001 derived from paired t-test. † q < 0.05, †† q < 0.01, ††† q < 0.001 derived from independent t-test in follow-up. ‡ q < 0.05, ‡‡ q < 0.01, ‡‡‡ q < 0.001 derived from changed values between control and whole-grain groups
Back to article page

Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

Contact us