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Table 2 Changes in blood plasma

From: Alterations in protein and amino acid metabolism in rats fed a branched-chain amino acid- or leucine-enriched diet during postprandial and postabsorptive states

  Fed animals Overnight starved animals
SLD (n = 10) HVLID (n = 10) HLD (n = 9) SLD + S (n = 10) HVLID + S (n = 10) HLD + S (n = 10)
Glucose (mmol/l) 9.67 ± 0.21 chylosity 8.58 ± 0.29 a 7.17 ± 0.18 b 8.84 ± 0.28 a 7.96 ± 0.24
Urea (mmol/l) 7.32 ± 0.21 9.60 ± 0.14 a 8.86 ± 0.32 a 6.31 ± 0.25 b 8.23 ± 0.24 a,b 9.00 ± 0.36 a
Creatinine (μmol/l) 27.9 ± 1.0 29.4 ± 1.1 27.6 ± 0.6 30.2 ± 1.3 30.9 ± 1.7 29.9 ± 0.85
ALT (μkat/l) 0.88 ± 0.05 0.97 ± 0.06 1.22 ± 0.03 a,c 0.68 ± 0.04 b 0.59 ± 0.05 a 0.86 ± 0.06 a,b,c
AST (μkat/l 1.35 ± 0.15 1.33 ± 0.05 1.16 ± 0.06 1.26 ± 0.05 1.29 ± 0.06 1.15 ± 0.05
Cholesterol (mmol/l) 1.64 ± 0.11 1.49 ± 0.08 1.54 ± 0.12 1.42 ± 0.10 1.47 ± 0.06 1.30 ± 0.07
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) 1.08 ± 0.12 0.99 ± 0.04 1.31 ± 0.10 c 1.24 ± 0.09 1.02 ± 0.04 1.16 ± 0.07
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) 0.29 ± 0.03 chylosity 0.17 ± 0.03 a 0.20 ± 0.03 b 0.28 ± 0.02 0.12 ± 0.01 c
Atherogenicity index 0.39 ± 0.03 0.51 ± 0.05 a 0.19 ± 0.02 a,c 0.14 ± 0.02 b 0.47 ± 0.03 a 0.12 ± 0.02 c
Triglycerides (mmol/l) 1.25 ± 0.07 0.72 ± 0.08 a 0.95 ± 0.06 0.79 ± 0.10 b 0.60 ± 0.07 0.86 ± 0.11
Total protein (g/l) 63.1 ± 0.7 63.0 ± 0.7 64.6 ± 1.2 58.0 ± 0.6 b 61.4 ± 0.8 a 60.3 ± 0.7 b
Albumins (mmol/l) 35.3 ± 1.4 34.7 ± 1.1 35.7 ± 1.8 33.1 ± 0.8 34.8 ± 1.6 33.7 ± 1.2
  1. Means ± SE, p ˂ 0.05
  2. SLD standard laboratory diet; SLD + S rats fed SLD starved overnight before sacrifice; HVLID diet with high content of valine, leucine, and isoleucine; HVLID + S rats fed HVLID starved overnight before sacrifice; HLD high leucine diet; HLD + S rats fed HLD starved overnight before sacrifice
  3. a compared to the corresponding control (SLD or SLD + S)
  4. b compared to the corresponding fed group
  5. c HLD (HLD + S) vs. HVLID (HVLID + S). Atherogenicity index was calculated as: (cholesterol-HDL cholesterol)/HDL cholesterol
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