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Table 2 Changes in blood plasma

From: Alterations in protein and amino acid metabolism in rats fed a branched-chain amino acid- or leucine-enriched diet during postprandial and postabsorptive states

 

Fed animals

Overnight starved animals

SLD (n = 10)

HVLID (n = 10)

HLD (n = 9)

SLD + S (n = 10)

HVLID + S (n = 10)

HLD + S (n = 10)

Glucose (mmol/l)

9.67 ± 0.21

chylosity

8.58 ± 0.29 a

7.17 ± 0.18 b

8.84 ± 0.28 a

7.96 ± 0.24

Urea (mmol/l)

7.32 ± 0.21

9.60 ± 0.14 a

8.86 ± 0.32 a

6.31 ± 0.25 b

8.23 ± 0.24 a,b

9.00 ± 0.36 a

Creatinine (μmol/l)

27.9 ± 1.0

29.4 ± 1.1

27.6 ± 0.6

30.2 ± 1.3

30.9 ± 1.7

29.9 ± 0.85

ALT (μkat/l)

0.88 ± 0.05

0.97 ± 0.06

1.22 ± 0.03 a,c

0.68 ± 0.04 b

0.59 ± 0.05 a

0.86 ± 0.06 a,b,c

AST (μkat/l

1.35 ± 0.15

1.33 ± 0.05

1.16 ± 0.06

1.26 ± 0.05

1.29 ± 0.06

1.15 ± 0.05

Cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.64 ± 0.11

1.49 ± 0.08

1.54 ± 0.12

1.42 ± 0.10

1.47 ± 0.06

1.30 ± 0.07

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.08 ± 0.12

0.99 ± 0.04

1.31 ± 0.10 c

1.24 ± 0.09

1.02 ± 0.04

1.16 ± 0.07

LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

0.29 ± 0.03

chylosity

0.17 ± 0.03 a

0.20 ± 0.03 b

0.28 ± 0.02

0.12 ± 0.01 c

Atherogenicity index

0.39 ± 0.03

0.51 ± 0.05 a

0.19 ± 0.02 a,c

0.14 ± 0.02 b

0.47 ± 0.03 a

0.12 ± 0.02 c

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.25 ± 0.07

0.72 ± 0.08 a

0.95 ± 0.06

0.79 ± 0.10 b

0.60 ± 0.07

0.86 ± 0.11

Total protein (g/l)

63.1 ± 0.7

63.0 ± 0.7

64.6 ± 1.2

58.0 ± 0.6 b

61.4 ± 0.8 a

60.3 ± 0.7 b

Albumins (mmol/l)

35.3 ± 1.4

34.7 ± 1.1

35.7 ± 1.8

33.1 ± 0.8

34.8 ± 1.6

33.7 ± 1.2

  1. Means ± SE, p ˂ 0.05
  2. SLD standard laboratory diet; SLD + S rats fed SLD starved overnight before sacrifice; HVLID diet with high content of valine, leucine, and isoleucine; HVLID + S rats fed HVLID starved overnight before sacrifice; HLD high leucine diet; HLD + S rats fed HLD starved overnight before sacrifice
  3. a compared to the corresponding control (SLD or SLD + S)
  4. b compared to the corresponding fed group
  5. c HLD (HLD + S) vs. HVLID (HVLID + S). Atherogenicity index was calculated as: (cholesterol-HDL cholesterol)/HDL cholesterol