|
Variable
| |
3 months
|
Mean change
|
n
|
P
|
6 months
|
Mean change
|
n
|
P
|
12 months
|
Mean change
|
n
|
P
|
|---|
|
Energy (kJ/d)
|
CTR
|
9013.1 ± 223.6a
|
115.5
|
39
|
NS
|
8803.3 ± 282.9a
|
32
|
34
|
NS
|
8218 ± 295.4a
|
−529.7
|
31
|
NS
|
|
PSY
|
7272.3 ± 218b
|
−1617.3
|
41
|
0.000
|
7539.2 ± 278.8b
|
−1229.2
|
35
|
0.000
|
7657.1 ± 277.9ab
|
−1202
|
35
|
0.001
|
|
PGX
|
7556.3 ± 243.1b
|
−1090.9
|
33
|
0.001
|
7453.7 ± 323.5b
|
−1080.7
|
26
|
0.009
|
7315.3 ± 342.4b
|
−1226.4
|
23
|
0.012
|
|
CHO (g/d)
|
CTR
|
212.6 ± 7.7a
|
−1.6
|
39
|
NS
|
213.4 ± 10a
|
3.4
|
34
|
NS
|
200.5 ± 8.4
|
−10.3
|
31
|
NS
|
|
PSY
|
181 ± 7.5b
|
−31.8
|
41
|
0.002
|
164.7 ± 9.8b
|
−39.9
|
35
|
0.002
|
183.9 ± 7.9
|
−26
|
35
|
0.015
|
|
PGX
|
175.3 ± 8.4b
|
−31.5
|
33
|
0.003
|
177.2 ± 11.4b
|
−22.1
|
26
|
0.032
|
176.3 ± 9.7
|
−25.6
|
23
|
0.012
|
|
Fat (g/d)
|
CTR
|
83.8 ± 3.2a
|
−0.5
|
39
|
NS
|
82.3 ± 4.3a
|
−0.6
|
34
|
NS
|
73 ± 4
|
−9.5
|
31
|
NS
|
|
PSY
|
66.9 ± 3.1b
|
−15.6
|
41
|
0.000
|
72.9 ± 4.2ab
|
−8.6
|
35
|
NS
|
73 ± 3.8
|
−9.6
|
35
|
NS
|
|
PGX
|
72.2 ± 3.4b
|
−9
|
33
|
NS
|
69.1 ± 4.9b
|
−10.5
|
26
|
0.047
|
66 ± 4.7
|
−15.2
|
23
|
0.020
|
|
Protein (g/d)
|
CTR
|
109.9 ± 3.7a
|
6.4
|
39
|
NS
|
105.2 ± 4.1a
|
3.1
|
34
|
NS
|
99.4 ± 4.7
|
−2.1
|
31
|
NS
|
|
PSY
|
85.9 ± 3.6b
|
−17.6
|
41
|
0.000
|
96.7 ± 4ab
|
−6.7
|
35
|
NS
|
88 ± 4.4
|
−15.3
|
35
|
0.003
|
|
PGX
|
94.4 ± 4.1b
|
−6.5
|
33
|
NS
|
85.7 ± 4.7b
|
−15.7
|
26
|
0.004
|
89.2 ± 5.4
|
−10.2
|
23
|
NS
|
|
Fibre from diet (g/d)
|
CTR
|
24.2 ± 1.2
|
0.8
|
39
|
NS
|
22.1 ± 1a
|
−0.4
|
34
|
NS
|
21.6 ± 1.3
|
−1
|
31
|
NS
|
|
PSY
|
21.4 ± 1.2
|
−2.3
|
41
|
NS
|
20.1 ± 0.9ab
|
−2.9
|
35
|
0.005
|
21.6 ± 1.3
|
−2.4
|
35
|
NS
|
|
PGX
|
21.6 ± 1.3
|
−0.6
|
33
|
NS
|
19.1 ± 1.1b
|
−2.2
|
26
|
NS
|
21.1 ± 1.6
|
−1
|
23
|
NS
|
|
Total Fibre (g/d)
|
CTR
|
24.2 ± 1.2a
|
0.8
|
39
|
NS
|
22.1 ± 1a
|
−0.4
|
34
|
NS
|
21.6 ± 1.3a
|
−1
|
31
|
NS
|
|
PSY
|
36.4 ± 1.2b
|
12.7
|
41
|
0.000
|
35.1 ± 0.9b
|
12.1
|
35
|
0.000
|
36.6 ± 1.3b
|
12.6
|
35
|
0.000
|
|
PGX
|
36.6 ± 1.3b
|
14.2
|
33
|
0.000
|
34.1 ± 1.1b
|
12.5
|
26
|
0.000
|
36.1 ± 1.6b
|
13.8
|
23
|
0.000
|
- Values are mean ± SEM with baseline as a covariate. Mean change from baseline. P values are within group differences compared to baseline. Different letters in superscript represent significant differences between groups p < 0.05. CHO (carbohydrate), CTR (control), PGX (PolyGlycopleX), PSY (psyllium). Dietary intake data missing at baseline or 3 months (n = 14). 4.184 kJ = 1 kCal
