Caffeine consumption and telomere length in men and women of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

Table 2 Descriptive characteristics of the sample and mean leukocyte telomere length (base pairs) across each level of the categorical covariates of the study

Variable	N	Weighted %	Adjusted* Telomere mean	SE	F	P
Gender					2.5	0.1267
Men	2741	47.4	5893	51
Women	3085	52.6	5927	49
Race					4.0	0.0103
Non-Hispanic White	2902	73.1	5891^a,c	62
Non-Hispanic Black	1056	10.4	6012^b	72
Mexican American	1428	7.3	5790^a	51
Other Race	144	3.1	5891^a,b,c	68
Other Hispanic	296	6.1	5972^b,c	64
Education					3.3	0.0529
< High School	2068	22.8	5862	50
High School Diploma	1356	26.0	5921	57
> High School	2402	51.2	5950	52
Marital Status					2.0	0.0967
Married	3323	57.0	5901	46
Widowed	492	6.2	5919	63
Divorced	484	9.3	5877	58
Separated	201	3.1	5785	61
Never Married	821	15.4	5935	65
Living with Partner	313	5.8	5852	59
Other	192	3.3	6108	100
Housing Status					6.3	0.0054
Own or Buying	3824	69.8	5848^a	39
Renting House	1841	28.0	5849^a	49
Other	161	2.2	6036^b	77
Physical Activity					6.1	0.0024
Sedentary	3375	49.5	5860^a	43
Low Activity	812	15.4	5885^a	51
Moderate Activity	821	17.3	5890^a	63
High Activity	818	17.8	6010^b	63
Body Mass Index					4.1	0.0094
Missing	149	2.2	5983^a	77
Underweight	83	1.7	5946^a,b	79
Normal Weight	1611	30.3	5924^a	46
Overweight	2066	33.6	5861^a,b	54
Obese	1917	32.1	5842^b	46
Alcohol Use					1.2	0.3129
Abstainer	2312	36.2	5894	44
Moderate Drinker	1776	31.9	5899	56
Heavy Drinker	1738	31.9	5940	57
Coffee Intake					4.5	0.0104
None	2802	48.1	5912^a,b	46
Low	1175	17.2	5877^b	59
Moderate	1024	17.4	5901^b	48
High	825	17.3	5997^a	71

* Telomere means were adjusted for differences in all of the covariates
^a,b,c Telomere means across different levels of the same variable with the same superscript letter are not significantly different. Age and smoking (pack-years) were treated as continuous variables and therefore are not part of Table 2. All Ns are unweighted and all proportions are survey-weighted. Focus should be on the survey-weighted proportions because they represent the U.S. adult population

ISSN: 1743-7075