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Table 4 Fasting blood parameters

From: Impact of a 6-week non-energy-restricted ketogenic diet on physical fitness, body composition and biochemical parameters in healthy adults

 

Unit

PRE

POST

Reference range

P-value

Glucose and lipids

 Glucose

mg/dl

91.4 ± 7.3

88.7 ± 5.3

74–106

0.009

 TG

mg/dl

64 (38–212)

62 (39–172)

<150

0.089

 HDL-C

mg/dl

71.3 ± 14.3

73.6 ± 15.6

>40

0.088

 LDL-C

mg/dl

110.9 ± 31.3

122.8 ± 33.6

<160

0.001

 TC

mg/dl

186.5 ± 34.7

195.3 ± 34.7

<200

0.019

 LDL-C/HDL-C

 

1.47 (0.50–3.62)

1.58 (0.56–2.92)

<4.5

0.084

 TG/HDL-C

 

0.89 (0.43–4.24)

0.76 (0.48–3.37)

<2

0.039

Hormones

 TSH

μU/ml

1.81 (0.01–7.26)

1.87 (0.15–10.29)

0.27–4.20

0.202

 fT3

pmol/l

4.91 (3.84–10.87)

4.11 (2.91–8.80)

3.4–6.8

<0.001

 fT4

pmol/l

15.7 (11.9–37.1)

16.4 (12.6–36.2)

10.6–22.7

0.008

 Insulin

pmol/l

55.3 ± 23.7

43.0 ± 19.7

18–173

0.001

 IGF-1

ng/ml

175 (52–427)

140 (31–337)

72–457

<0.001

Liver and kidney parameters

 CRP

mg/l

0 (0–11)

0 (0–21)

<5

0.327

 Albumin

g/dl

4.51 ± 0.24

4.55 ± 0.24

3.5–5.2

0.215

 GOT

U/l

21 (12–43)

23 (12–51)

10–50

0.410

 GPT

U/l

19 (12–37)

22 (12–57)

10–50

0.012

 Alkaline Phosphatase

U/l

56.3 ± 17.0

52.1 ± 15.3

35–130

0.001

 Total bilirubin

mg/dl

0.5 (0.2–2.2)

0.4 (0.2–1.4)

<0.9–1.4

0.088

 Creatinine

mg/dl

0.89 ± 0.13

0.88 ± 0.15

0.51–1.17

0.185

 Urea

mg/dl

30.3 ± 8.8

34.9 ± 9.3

12.8–42.8

<0.001

 Uric acid

mg/dl

4.1 (2.9–7.0)

4.5 (2.3–8.1)

2.4–7

0.001

Micronutrients

 Potassium

mmol/l

4.4 (3.6–5.4)

4.3 (3.8–5.2)

3.5–5.1

0.180

 Calcium

mg/dl

2.34 ± 0.08

2.33 ± 0.07

2.15–2.50

0.411

 Magnesium

mmol/l

0.82 ± 0.05

0.82 ± 0.06

0.66–1.07

0.721

 Iron

μg/dl

100.9 ± 50.0

77.3 ± 32.2

37–158

0.002

 Folic acid

ng/ml

7.81 ± 3.32

10.04 ± 3.92

4.6–18.7

<0.001

Blood count

 Leucocytes

103/μl

5.73 (3.44–11.07)

5.66 (2.90–11.58)

3.9–10.4

0.457

 Thrombocytes

103/μl

255.8 ± 52.8

240.6 ± 53.4

146–391

0.002

 Erythrocytes

106/μl

4.66 ± 0.32

4.72 ± 0.31

4.0–5.8

0.056

 Haemoglobin

g/dl

13.9 ± 1.0

14.1 ± 0.9

11.6–17.6

0.068

 Haematocrit

%

40.3 ± 2.7

40.7 ± 2.6

34.6–50.6

0.163

 MCH

pg

29.8 ± 1.1

29.8 ± 1.1

27–34

0.415

 MCHC

g/dl

34.4 (32.5–37.1)

34.4 (32.7–36.0)

31.5–36.3

0.333

 MCV

10−9μl

86.7 ± 3.4

86.3 ± 3.4

81–100

0.061

  1. Abbreviations: CRP C-reactive protein, C cholesterol, GOT glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, GPT glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor 1, LDL low-density lipoprotein, MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin, MCHC mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, MCV mean corpuscular volume, fT3 free triiodothyronine, fT4 free thyroxine, TC total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, TSH thyroid stimulating hormone
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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