Table 1 General characteristics and physical activity level of overweight/obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Variables | Cardamom (n = 43) n(%) or Mean(SD) | Placebo (n = 44) n(%) or Mean(SD) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 45.5(8.9) | 45.0(7.7) | 0.7* | ||
Gender | Male | 27(62.8) | 27(61.4) | 0.8** | |
Female | 16(37.2) | 17(38.6) | |||
Height (cm) | 166.9(10.3) | 169.5(9.5) | 0.3* | ||
Marriage status | single | 4(9.3) | 7(15.9) | 0.3** | |
married | 39(90.7) | 37(84.1) | |||
Job status | employee, free job/retired | 32(74.4) | 30(68.2) | 0.5** | |
housewife, unemployed | 11(25.6) | 14(31.8) | |||
Education level | up to associate degree | 18(41.9) | 20(45.5) | 0.7** | |
Bachelor and higher | 25(58.1) | 24(54.5) | |||
Economic level | Low (≤3 living items) | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0.1** | |
moderate (4–6 living items) | 12(27.9) | 6(13.6) | |||
High (≥7 living items) | 31(72.1) | 38(86.4) | |||
Physical activity level (Baseline) | low (< 600 MET-minutes/week) | 38(88.4) | 34(77.3) | 0.1** | |
Moderate (600 to < 1500 MET-minutes/week) | 5(11.6) | 10(22.7) | |||
High (≥ 1500 MET-minutes/week) | 0(0) | 0(0) | |||
Physical activity level (After 3 months) | low (< 600 MET-minutes/week) | 29(67.4) | 34(77.3) | 0.2$ | |
Moderate (600 to < 1500 MET-minutes/week) | 12(27.9) | 6(13.6) | |||
High (≥ 1500 MET-minutes/week) | 2(4.7) | 4(9.1) | |||
Fatty liver (Baseline) | No | 0(0) | 0(0) | 0.1** | |
Yes | Mild | 27(62.8) | 34(77.3) | ||
Moderate | 16(37.2) | 10(22.7) | |||
Severe | 0(0) | 0(0) | |||
Fatty liver (After 3 months) | No | 18(41.8) | 2(4.5) | < 0.001** | |
Yes | Mild | 22(51.2) | 34(77.3) | ||
Moderate | 3(7.0) | 8(18.2) | |||
Severe | 0(0) | 0(0) | |||