Fig. 14

Measurement of plasma irisin and correlation analysis of irisin modulation with BCAAs supplementation and exercise. Irisin content was measured by ELISA assay on plasma samples (a). A synergistic effect of simultaneous exercise and BCAAs supplementation (20 mg/mL) [20BCAA/Ex] was obtained on irisin concentration. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (Standard Error of Mean) for each group (n = 6, ●). + indicates statistically significant difference with Sedentary group at p < 0.05, * indicates statistically significant difference with 20BCAA/Ex group at p < 0.05, # indicates statistically significant difference with 60BCAA/Ex group at p < 0.05, & indicates statistically significant difference with Ex group at p < 0.05, $ indicates statistically significant difference with 20BCAA group at p < 0.05, ^ indicates statistically significant difference with 60BCAA group at p < 0.05. Data of qRT-PCR were obtained on triplicate data sets for each sample and analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and tukey’s post hoc test. Meanwhile, a correlation analysis performed between the plasma irsin and transcript levels of Fndc5 of gastrocnemius muscle tissues (b) and heart muscle (c).○ Stands for the Sed group (no BCAAs supplementation, no exercise). + stands for exercise group (Ex group). * represents BCAAs supplemented group (20 mg/mL) [20BCAA].□ represents BCAAs supplemented group (60 mg/mL) [60BCAA]. Δ represents BCAAs supplemented (60 mg/mL) exercised group [60BCAA/Ex]. ▲ represents BCAAs supplemented exercised group (20 mg/mL) [20BCAA/Ex]. As depicted, most increase in irisin was observed in plasma of 20BCAA/Ex group which showed maximal increase in Fndc5 transcript levels of heart and gastrocnemius muscle tissues