Table 2 Substrate oxidation and metabolic flexibility values during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp

Normal BMI

Obese

T2DM

PCOS

Normal BMI

Obese

T2DM

PCOS

RQ

0.84 ± 0.03^a

0.82 ± 0.02^a

0.83 ± 0.05^a

0.76 ± 0.04^b

0.98 ± 0.04^a

0.95 ± 0.04^a

0.88 ± 0.05^b

0.81 ± 0.05^c

CHO Ox (mg/kgFFM/min)

1.79 ± 0.56^a

1.47 ± 0.34^a

1.71 ± 0.88^a

0.68 ± 0.72^b

4.51 ± 0.80^a

3.50 ± 0.76^a

2.68 ± 0.87^b

1.60 ± 0.94^c

CHO Ox (mg/kgFFM + 17.7/min)

1.29 ± 0.38^a

1.11 ± 0.27^a

1.30 ± 0.69^a

0.52 ± 0.54^b

3.25 ± 0.53^a

2.65 ± 0.57^b

2.03 ± 0.68^b

1.20 ± 0.69^c

GDR/FFM (mg/kgFFM/min)

–

–

–

–

12.77 ± 3.55^a

8.69 ± 2.04^b

4.64 ± 1.14^c

6.97 ± 3.33^b

GDR/FFM + 17.7

(mg/kgFFM + 17.7/min)

–

–

–

–

9.22 ± 2.59^a

6.58 ± 1.56^b

3.53 ± 0.86^c

5.19 ± 2.30^b

NOGM (mg/kgFFM/min)

–

–

–

–

8.26 ± 3.30^a

5.19 ± 1.77^b

1.93 ± 1.04^c

5.37 ± 3.02^b

NOGM (mg/kgFFM + 17.7/min)

–

–

–

–

5.97 ± 2.42^a

3.93 ± 1.35^b

1.46 ± 0.78^c

3.99 ± 2.14^b