Table 2 The risk of cardio-renal outcomes across tertiles of caffeine intakes: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

CVD^a

(< 60.25 mg/day)

(60.25–151.4 mg/day)

(> 151.4 mg/day)

 Crude

1.00

1.16 (0.63–2.14)

2.02 (1.16–3.50)*

 Model 1

1.00

1.30 (0.69–2.45)

2.26 (1.27–4.02)*

 Model 2

1.00

1.35 (0.71–2.56)

2.22 (1.23–4.01)*

HTN ^b

(< 60.60 mg/day)

(60.61–151.3 mg/day)

(> 151.3 mg/day)

 Crude

1.00

1.02 (0.75–1.40)

1.21 (0.89–1.64)

 Model 1

1.00

1.02 (0.73–1.43)

0.98 (0.70–1.36)

 Model 2

1.00

1.02 (0.73–1.44)

0.98 (0.70–1.38)

CKD^c

(< 56.16 mg/day)

(56.17–150.2 mg/day)

(> 150.2 mg/day)

 Crude

1.00

0.83 (0.62–1.12)

0.87 (0.65–1.17)

 Model 1

1.00

0.81 (0.59–1.12)

0.87 (0.63–1.19)

 Model 2

1.00

0.83 (0.60–1.14)

0.87 (0.63–1.21)