Fig. 4

Effect of 16-week PY treatment on lipid profiles in epididymal WAT. Lipid-regulating enzyme activities (a). Lipid-metabolism related genes (b). Morphology (c). Data are mean ± S.E. Significant differences between HFD and ND are indicated; ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001. Significant differences between HFD versus PY are indicated; ^$p < 0.05, ^$$p < 0.01 ND, normal diet (AIN-76, 5% fat, w/w); HFD, high-fat diet (20% fat, 1% cholesterol, w/w); PY, HFD + 0.002% physcion (w/w); ME, malic enzyme; FASN, fatty acid synthase; PAP, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase; PPARα, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α; PGC-1α and 1β, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha and beta; UCP1, uncoupling protein 1; ADRB3, beta-3 adrenergic receptor; PNPLA2, patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2; LIPE, lipase E; ADRP, adipose differentiation-related protein. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stained transverse-section of adipose tissue. Representative photomicrographs of liver are shown at 200x