Fig. 2
Indirubin treatment protects from HFD-induced obesity by increasing enhancing energy expenditure. a Body weights of mice were measured weekly during the last 8-week period (n = 6 in each group). Insets for A, representative images of mice at the end of 8-week experiment. (B-C) The total fat mass b and lean mass c were determined using miniSpec NMR instrument after 7-week treatment with either vehicle or indirubin. d-h Metabolic cage analyses of mice after 7-week treatment with either vehicle or indirubin (n = 6 in each group). The VO2 consumption during a 12-h light: 12-h dark cycle d, energy expenditure (EE), mean VO2 consumption levels e, the respiratory exchange ratio (RER; VCO2/VO2) f, and physical avtivity h, were measured simultaneously. g Energy expenditure values adjusted for body weight using ANCOVA. i Food intake (mean daily food consumption) was measured after 7-week treatment with either vehicle or indirubin by calculating the amount of food consumed at 24-h intervals for 6 days. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 6 in each group). #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 compared with NCD + vehicle group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with HFD + vehicle group