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Table 3 Changes in concentrations (μg g−1) of harmful elements in hair

From: Effect of toxic trace element detoxification, body fat reduction following four-week intake of the Wellnessup diet: a three-arm, randomized clinical trial

Variables

WD

(n = 15)

CRD

(n = 15)

MRD

(n = 15)

p-value2)

(W-M-C)

p-value3)

(W-M)

p-value4)

(W-C)

p-value5)

(M-C)

Pb

 Baseline

4.6(3.2–7.6)

5.7(3.4–9.3)

4.3(3.4–6.6)

    

 4-week

3.3(2.6–4.9)

5.6(3.1–9.6)

3.6(2.9–6.8)

0.668

0.443

0.819

0.547

p-value1)

0.080

0.454

0.178

    

Ni

 Baseline

0.9(0.7–1.4)

1.0(0.3–1.3)

0.9(0.5–1.2)

    

 4-week

0.6(0.4–1.0)

0.6(0.5–1.3)

1.0(0.6–1.5)

0.063

0.228

0.025

0.212

p-value

0.003

0.254

0.600

    

Rh

 Baseline

0.0004(0.0002–0.0006)

0.0004(0.0003–0.0007)

0.0004(0.0002–0.0004)

    

 4-week

0.0002(0.0–0.0004)

0.0004(0.0002–0.0007)

0.0003(0.0002–0.0004)

0.067

0.034

0.070

0.770

p-value

0.005

0.748

0.578

    

Be

 Baseline

0.0037(0.0032–0.0058)

0.0042(0.0024–0.0068)

0.0041(0.0020–0.0062)

    

 4-week

0.0029(0.0025–0.0038)

0.0034(0.0024–0.0096)

0.0055(0.0019–0.0099)

0.292

0.431

0.097

0.648

p-value

0.147

0.627

0.235

    

As

 Baseline

0.22(0.15–0.37)

0.23(0.15–0.31)

0.18(0.14–0.29)

    

 4-week

0.20(0.15–0.28)

0.19(0.15–0.25)

0.20(0.13–0.28)

0.534

0.480

0.468

0.361

p-value

0.262

0.041

0.989

    

Hg

 Baseline

7.17(5.21–11.63)

6.56(4.36–8.91)

9.06(6.91–14.99)

    

 4-week

8.37(5.95–10.51)

6.89(4.52–9.71)

10.05(7.38–15.72)

0.585

0.934

0.455

0.320

p-value

0.639

0.229

0.107

    

U

 Baseline

0.22(0.07–0.37)

0.18(0.03–0.61)

0.14(0.01–1.52)

    

 4-week

0.12(0.04–0.35)

0.18(0.03–0.43)

0.10(0.02–1.81)

0.596

0.329

0.520

0.771

p-value

0.098

0.734

0.798

    

Sn

 Baseline

0.61(0.29–2.35)

0.38(0.30–0.77)

0.53(0.40–1.21)

    

 4-week

0.55(0.35–0.95)

0.44(0.28–1.07)

0.59(0.33–1.98)

0.090

0.050

0.068

0.852

p-value

0.073

0.561

0.421

    

Cd

 Baseline

0.03(0.02–0.06)

0.03(0.02–0.04)

0.03(0.02–0.05)

    

 4-week

0.04(0.03–0.06)

0.03(0.02–0.05)

0.03(0.02–0.05)

0. 774

> 0.999

0.551

0.550

p-value

0.482

0.394

0.871

    

Tl

 Baseline

0.0024(0.0014–0.0052)

0.0045(0.0031–0.0070)

0.0025(0.0014–0.0045)

    

 4-week

0.0024(0.0020–0.0059)

0.0053(0.0020–0.0065)

0.0041(0.0020–0.0051)

0.032

0.221

0.206

0.008

p-value

0.610

0.223

0.031

    

Th

 Baseline

0.0034(0.0022–0.0046)

0.0026(0.0014–0.0038)

0.0026(0.0020–0.0034)

    

 4-week

0.0032(0.0023–0.0039)

0.0030(0.0016–0.0040)

0.0025(0.0019–0.0031)

0.589

0.254

0.709

0.740

p-value

0.945

0.323

0.820

    

Pd

 Baseline

0.013(0.008–0.024)

0.009(0.007–0.017)

0.024(0.006–0.033)

    

 4-week

0.014(0.007–0.016)

0.011(0.007–0.017)

0.016(0.011–0.032)

0.583

0.290

0.547

0.819

p-value

0.104

> 0.999

0.703

    

Gd

 Baseline

0.002(0.002–0.003)

0.002(0.001–0.002)

0.002(0.002–0.003)

    

 4-week

0.002(0.001–0.003)

0.002(0.001–0.003)

0.002(0.001–0.004)

0.534

0.362

0.330

> 0.999

p-value

0.139

> 0.999

0.945

    

Ga

 Baseline

0.016(0.010–0.021)

0.012(0.006–0.019)

0.012(0.009–0.016)

    

 4-week

0.010(0.008–0.016)

0.010(0.065–0.014)

0.013(0.011–0.027)

0.042

0.213

0.014

0.198

p-value

0.064

0.804

0.135

    

Au

 Baseline

0.0(0.0–0.1)

0.1(0.0–0.3)

0.1(0.0–0.2)

    

 4-week

0.1(0.0–0.2)

0.1(0.0–0.1)

0.1(0.0–0.3)

0.669

0.490

0.907

0.438

p-value

0.313

0.883

0.234

    

Rb

 Baseline

0.229(0.152–1.219)

0.430(0.187–0.662)

0.294(0.155–0.422)

    

 4-week

0.350(0.145–0.978)

0.126(0.159–0.563)

0.161(0.133–0.276)

0.825

0.619

0.619

0.836

p-value

0.847

0.277

0.229

    

Ba

 Baseline

11.03(4.55–29.45)

8.25(5.29–10.76)

20.61(9.82–32.33)

    

 4-week

9.74(5.51–21.31)

8.67(6.35–15.88)

16.45(12.56–24.63)

0.589

0.740

0.534

0.320

p-value

0.847

0.934

0.208

    

Pt

 Baseline

0.001(0.0–0.001)

0.001(0.0–0.001)

0.001(0.0–0.01)

    

 4-week

0.0(0.0–0.001)

0.0(0.0–0.001)

0.0(0.0–0.001)

0.777

0.509

0.891

0.616

p-value

0.531

> 0.999

> 0.999

    

Bi

 Baseline

0.027(0.012–0.131)

0.014(0.008–0.045)

0.020(0.007–0.108)

    

 4-week

0.038(0.020–0.050)

0.023(0.011–0.036)

0.022(0.007–0.054)

0.690

0.384

0.575

> 0.999

p-value

0.248

0.891

> 0.999

    

Ce

 Baseline

0.025(0.016–0.074)

0.021(0.013–0.033)

0.017(0.010–0.022)

    

 4-week

0.028(0.020–0.081)

0.020(0.013–0.036)

0.017(0.012–0.050)

0.899

0.772

0.648

> 0.999

p-value

0.463

0.534

0.552

    

Cs

 Baseline

0.0(0.0–0.01)

0.0(0.0–0.01)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

    

 4-week

0.0(0.0–0.01)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.213

0.173

0.976

0.115

p-value

0.625

0.625

0.500

    

Sb

 Baseline

0.083(0.063–0.162)

0.067(0.059–0.086)

0.069(0.042–0.087)

    

 4-week

0.087(0.066–0.164)

0.083(0.069–0.089)

0.073(0.050–0.106)

0.900

0.576

0.934

0.934

p-value

0.352

0.208

0.352

    

Al

 Baseline

26.2(18.9–52.8)

33.2(26.9–36.7)

27.6(23.3–39.3)

    

 4-week

29.4(19.4–55.3)

37.1(28.8–44.5)

28.3(19.7–50.4)

0.809

0.648

0.534

> 0.999

p-value

0.934

0.463

0.367

    

Ag

 Baseline

0.30(0.22–1.18)

0.85(0.24–1.67)

0.30(0.14–0.90)

    

 4-week

0.24(0.18–1.42)

0.94(0.28–1.82)

0.32(0.15–0.88)

0.218

0.191

0.097

0.836

p-value

0.092

0.561

0.552

    

In

 Baseline

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

    

 4-week

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.0(0.0–0.0)

0.398

> 0.999

0.351

0.351

p-value

–

–

–

    

Zr

 Baseline

0.14(0.10–0.19)

0.13(0.08–0.24)

0.10(0.08–0.15)

    

 4-week

0.10(0.06–0.20)

0.10(0.08–0.19)

0.08(0.06–0.11)

0.670

0.560

0.724

0.418

p-value

0.382

0.717

0.133

    

W

 Baseline

0.025(0.013–0.030)

0.025(0.010–0.046)

0.021(0.012–0.036)

    

 4-week

0.014(0.008–0.019)

0.008(0.007–0.014)

0.015(0.010–0.021)

0.217

0.633

0.158

0.135

p-value

0.002

0.015

0.337

    

Te

 Baseline

0.002(0.001–0.005)

0.003(0.002–0.005)

0.0(0.0–0.001)

    

 4-week

0.002(0.0–0.003)

0.002(0.0–0.005)

0.001(0.0–0.002)

0.270

0.754

0.134

0.228

p-value

0.173

0.315

0.652

    

Ti

 Baseline

18.2(9.0–63.1)

17.7(10.5–55.2)

18.6(13.7–42.0)

    

 4-week

19.3(8.8–56.0)

20.9(11.7–29.5)

19.9(13.6–30.8)

0.999

> 0.999

0.901

0.984

p-value

0.793

0.858

0.571

    
  1. Values are presented as median (interquartile range)
  2. 1) Analyzed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test
  3. 2) Analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis test for WD-CRD-MRD groups
  4. 3) Analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for change in WD-MRD groups
  5. 4) Analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for change in WD-CRD groups
  6. 5) Analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for change in MRD-CRD groups
  7. Abbreviations: WD Wellnessup diet, MRD maintaining regular diet, CRD calorie-restricted diet
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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